MCN Am J Matern Child Nurs. 2021 Jan/Feb;46(1):43-53. doi: 10.1097/NMC.0000000000000675.
The growing number of families that include members of sexual and/or gender minority (SGM) groups requires perinatal nurses to know how to provide respectful and affirming care to all people, including this population. Approximately 19% of adults who are members of SGM groups are raising 3 million children, with many hoping to become pregnant, foster, use surrogacy, or adopt in the future. Based on current literature, many nurses are not prepared to meet the clinical needs of patients who are members of SGM groups in the maternity setting. Likewise, patients and families of SGM groups often perceive that nurses are uncomfortable with providing care and are not always satisfied with their care. To meet these needs, it is important that nurses use strategies focused on promoting respectful, affirming care, reducing negative experiences, and eliminating marginalizing language and practices. Nurses must incorporate a holistic care focus for patients who are members of SGM minority groups that includes standardized strategic education; development of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Queer, Questioning, or Plus (LGBTQ+) affirming and inclusive policies, practices, and language; flexibility, personal reflection of self-bias; and creating an environment of individualized compassionate care.
越来越多的家庭包括性少数群体和/或性别少数群体（SGM）的成员，这要求围产期护士了解如何为所有人提供尊重和认可的护理，包括这部分人群。大约 19%的性少数群体成员的成年人正在抚养着 300 万儿童，其中许多人希望在未来怀孕、寄养、使用代孕或领养。根据目前的文献，许多护士没有准备好满足产妇环境中 SGM 群体患者的临床需求。同样，SGM 群体的患者及其家属常常认为护士提供护理时感到不舒服，并且对他们的护理并不总是满意。为了满足这些需求，护士必须使用关注促进尊重、认可护理的策略，减少负面体验，并消除边缘化的语言和做法。护士必须为 SGM 少数群体患者提供关注整体的护理，其中包括标准化的战略教育；制定男女同性恋、双性恋、跨性别、酷儿、疑问或加（LGBTQ+）认可和包容的政策、实践和语言；灵活性、自我偏见的个人反思；以及创造个性化关爱的环境。
