Jayne Jennings Dunlap is a family NP at Baylor Scott and White Health, Brenham, TX, and an assistant clinical professor at Texas Woman's University at Houston. Pauline A. Filipek is a professor at the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston. Contact author: Jayne Jennings Dunlap,
Am J Nurs. 2020 Nov;120(11):40-49. doi: 10.1097/01.NAJ.0000721236.69639.e3.
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is the most common and fastest-growing developmental disability in the United States, affecting approximately one in 54 children nationwide. Early intervention for ASD produces the best outcomes-and developmental surveillance and screening are prerequisites to intervention. Although screening has been strongly recommended for two decades, the majority of U.S. children are not screened for ASD. Here, the authors discuss ASD epidemiology, screening, and diagnosis, as well as appropriate early actions nurses can take when ASD is suspected.
自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)是美国最常见和增长最快的发育障碍,影响全国约每 54 名儿童中的 1 名。ASD 的早期干预会产生最佳效果——发育监测和筛查是干预的前提。尽管筛查已经被强烈推荐了二十年,但美国大多数儿童都没有接受 ASD 筛查。在这里,作者讨论了 ASD 的流行病学、筛查和诊断,以及当怀疑患有 ASD 时护士可以采取的适当早期措施。