Tejeda Juan F, Hernández-Matamoros Alejandro, González Elena
Food Science and Technology, Escuela de Ingenierías Agrarias, Universidad de Extremadura, Avda. Adolfo Suárez s/n, 06007 Badajoz, Spain.
Research University Institute of Agricultural Resources (INURA), Avda. de Elvas s/n, Campus Universitario, 06006 Badajoz, Spain.
Animals (Basel). 2020 Oct 19;10(10):1917. doi: 10.3390/ani10101917.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of diets with different protein contents on carcass traits, plasma hormone concentration, lipogenic enzyme activities, and fatty acid (FA) composition in the adipose tissue of Iberian pigs. Twenty-four castrated male Iberian pigs (eight per feeding diet) were fed under free-range conditions with acorns and grass (FR), and in confinement with concentrated diets with standard (SP) and low-protein contents (LP) from 116.0 to 174.2 kg live weight. Backfat thickness was not affected by diet. The plasma leptin concentration was higher ( < 0.001) in the FR group than in the LP and SP groups, while insulin concentration was higher in the SP group than in the LP and FR groups. The lipogenic enzyme activities of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, malic enzyme, and glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase were lower in the FR group compared to the LP and SP pigs. The activities of these enzymes were adipose-tissue-specific. No differences were found in FA composition of adipose tissue between the SP and LP groups, while the FR pigs had lower proportions of saturated FA and higher proportions of monounsaturated and polyunsaturated FA than the SP and LP pigs. In conclusion, feeding low-protein diets in Iberian pigs does not seem to affect adipose carcass traits, strengthening previous findings that indicate that this is a good strategy to improve meat and dry-cured product quality.
本研究的目的是调查不同蛋白质含量的日粮对伊比利亚猪胴体性状、血浆激素浓度、脂肪生成酶活性以及脂肪组织中脂肪酸（FA）组成的影响。24头去势雄性伊比利亚猪（每种饲喂日粮8头）在自由放养条件下饲喂橡子和青草（FR），并在圈养条件下饲喂标准蛋白质含量（SP）和低蛋白质含量（LP）的浓缩日粮，体重从116.0千克增至174.2千克。日粮对背膘厚度没有影响。FR组的血浆瘦素浓度高于LP组和SP组（<0.001），而SP组的胰岛素浓度高于LP组和FR组。与LP猪和SP猪相比，FR组中葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶、苹果酸酶和3-磷酸甘油脱氢酶的脂肪生成酶活性较低。这些酶的活性具有脂肪组织特异性。SP组和LP组之间的脂肪组织FA组成没有差异，而FR猪的饱和FA比例低于SP猪和LP猪，单不饱和FA和多不饱和FA比例高于SP猪和LP猪。总之，给伊比利亚猪饲喂低蛋白质日粮似乎不会影响胴体脂肪性状，这进一步证实了之前的研究结果，即这是提高肉类和干腌产品质量的良好策略。
