National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Mohali, Punjab, India.
Department of Biotechnology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India.
Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2022;62(4):1003-1034. doi: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1832954. Epub 2020 Oct 22.
Tomato, a widely consumed vegetable crop, offers a real potential to combat human nutritional deficiencies. Tomatoes are rich in micronutrients and other bioactive compounds (including vitamins, carotenoids, and minerals) that are known to be essential or beneficial for human health. This review highlights the current state of the art in the molecular understanding of the nutritional aspects, conventional and molecular breeding efforts, and biofortification studies undertaken to improve the nutritional content and quality of tomato. Transcriptomics and metabolomics studies, which offer a deeper understanding of the molecular regulation of the tomato's nutrients, are discussed. The potential uses of the wastes from the tomato processing industry (i.e., the peels and seed extracts) that are particularly rich in oils and proteins are also discussed. Recent advancements with CRISPR/Cas mediated gene-editing technology provide enormous opportunities to enhance the nutritional content of agricultural produces, including tomatoes. In this regard, genome editing efforts with respect to biofortification in the tomato plant are also discussed. The recent technological advancements and knowledge gaps described herein aim to help explore the unexplored nutritional potential of the tomato.
番茄是一种广泛食用的蔬菜作物，具有很大的潜力来解决人类营养不足的问题。番茄富含多种微量营养素和其他生物活性化合物（包括维生素、类胡萝卜素和矿物质），这些物质对人体健康至关重要或有益。本文重点介绍了在分子水平上对番茄营养成分的理解、传统和分子育种工作以及生物强化研究方面的最新进展，这些研究旨在提高番茄的营养含量和品质。本文还讨论了转录组学和代谢组学研究，这些研究深入了解了番茄营养物质的分子调控机制。此外，还讨论了番茄加工工业废弃物（即果皮和种子提取物）的潜在用途，这些废弃物富含油脂和蛋白质。最近的 CRISPR/Cas 介导的基因编辑技术的进展为提高包括番茄在内的农业生产的营养含量提供了巨大的机会。在这方面，本文还讨论了番茄植物生物强化方面的基因组编辑工作。本文描述的最新技术进展和知识空白旨在帮助挖掘番茄尚未开发的营养潜力。
