Department of Kinesiology, Pennsylvania State University, Altoona College, Pennsylvania, USA.
Department of Psychology, California State University, Northridge, California, USA.
J Mot Behav. 2021;53(5):656-662. doi: 10.1080/00222895.2020.1833827. Epub 2020 Oct 22.
The purpose of this present study was to examine whether providing choice would enhance motor performance under psychological pressure. Participants were asked to throw soft-golf balls toward a circular target. The practice phase consisted of 30 trials using three colored balls (i.e., blue, red, yellow) from 5.5 meters. Participants then performed 10 throws from 2 different distances: 5.5 meters (pressure phase) and 6.5 meters (transfer pressure phase) under psychological pressure. Prior to the pressure and transfer pressure phases, the choice group participants were asked to choose the color of the soft-golf ball whereas the control group participants were yoked to their counterpart participant based on the selections of their colored balls. Results demonstrated that despite similar throwing accuracy being produced at the pressure phase between the two groups, the choice group had significantly higher accuracy scores at the transfer pressure phase than the control group. Thus, the autonomy-supportive condition led to enhanced motor performance under psychological pressure.
本研究旨在探讨提供选择是否会增强心理压力下的运动表现。参与者被要求将软高尔夫球投向一个圆形目标。练习阶段包括使用三种颜色的球（蓝色、红色、黄色）从 5.5 米处进行 30 次投掷。然后，参与者在心理压力下从两个不同的距离进行 10 次投掷：5.5 米（压力阶段）和 6.5 米（转移压力阶段）。在压力和转移压力阶段之前，选择组的参与者被要求选择软高尔夫球的颜色，而对照组的参与者则根据他们选择的彩色球与他们的对应参与者相匹配。结果表明，尽管两组在压力阶段的投掷准确性相似，但选择组在转移压力阶段的准确性得分明显高于对照组。因此，自主支持条件导致在心理压力下运动表现增强。
