Genome Damage and Stability Centre, University of Sussex, Falmer Brighton, BN1 9RQ, UK.
DNA Repair (Amst). 2020 Sep;93:102921. doi: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2020.102921.
Damage to DNA bases occurs continuously in cells as a result of the intrinsic instability of nucleic acids and because of the presence of intracellular and environmental genotoxins. As a consequence, all living cells possess a highly conserved biochemical pathway by which damaged DNA bases are detected, removed, and replaced with undamaged bases. This pathway is denoted DNA base excision repair (BER) and is critical for genome stability and human health. In this review I summarise the key features of mammalian BER, highlighting both the molecular choreography that coordinates this pathway and its importance for human health.
DNA 碱基损伤会持续不断地在细胞中发生，这是由于核酸的固有不稳定性以及细胞内和环境中遗传毒素的存在所致。因此，所有活细胞都拥有一种高度保守的生化途径，通过该途径可以检测、清除受损的 DNA 碱基，并替换为未受损的碱基。该途径被称为 DNA 碱基切除修复（BER），对基因组稳定性和人类健康至关重要。在这篇综述中，我总结了哺乳动物 BER 的关键特征，重点介绍了协调该途径的分子编排及其对人类健康的重要性。
