Community Medicine, Bangladesh Institute of Health Sciences, Dhaka, Dhaka District, Bangladesh.
Noncommunicable Diseases, Bangladesh University of Health Sciences, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
BMJ Open. 2020 Oct 21;10(10):e038077. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-038077.
Primarily, we assessed the distribution of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors among school children living in urban and rural areas of Bangladesh. In addition to this, we sought the association between place of residence and modifiable CVD risk factors among them.
DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 854 school children (aged 12-18 years) of Bangladesh. Ten public high schools (five from Dhaka and five from Sirajgonj district) were selected randomly and subjects from those were recruited conveniently. To link the family milieu of CVD risk factors, a parent of each children was also interviewed.
Distribution of CVD risk factors was measured using descriptive statistics as appropriate. Again, a saturated model of binary logistic regression was used to seek the association between place of residence and modifiable CVD risk factors.
Mean age of the school children was 14.6±1.1 years and more than half (57.6%) were boys. Overall, 4.4% were currently smoker (urban-3.5%, rural-5.2%) with a strong family history of smoking (42.2%). Similar proportion of school children were identified as overweight (total 9.8%, urban 14.7%, rural 5%) and obese (total 9.8%, urban 16.8%, rural 2.8%) with notable urban-rural difference. More than three-fourth (80%) of them were physically inactive with no urban-rural variation. Only 2.4% consumed recommended fruits and/ or vegetables (urban-3.1%, rural-1.7%). In the adjusted model, place of residence had higher odds for having several modifiable CVD risk factors: current smoking (OR: 1.807, CI 0.872 to 3.744), inadequate fruits and vegetables intake (OR: 1.094, CI 0.631 to 1.895), physical inactivity (OR: 1.082, CI 0.751 to 1.558), overweight (OR: 3.812, CI 2.245 to 6.470) and obesity (OR: 7.449, CI 3.947 to 14.057).
Both urban and rural school children of Bangladesh had poor CVD risk factors profile that demands further nation-wide large scale study to clarify the current findings more precisely.
本研究主要评估了孟加拉国城乡地区学童心血管疾病（CVD）危险因素的分布情况。此外，我们还探讨了居住地与可改变的 CVD 危险因素之间的关系。
设计、地点和参与者：这是一项横断面研究，共纳入 854 名年龄在 12-18 岁的孟加拉国学童。随机选取了 10 所公立高中（达卡 5 所，锡拉杰甘杰区 5 所），并从中方便地招募了研究对象。为了了解 CVD 危险因素的家庭环境，还对每个孩子的家长进行了访谈。
采用适当的描述性统计方法测量 CVD 危险因素的分布情况。此外，还采用饱和二项逻辑回归模型来探讨居住地与可改变的 CVD 危险因素之间的关系。
学童的平均年龄为 14.6±1.1 岁，超过一半（57.6%）为男孩。总体而言，4.4%的学生目前吸烟（城市 3.5%，农村 5.2%），且有很强的吸烟家族史（42.2%）。相似比例的学生超重（总 9.8%，城市 14.7%，农村 5%）和肥胖（总 9.8%，城市 16.8%，农村 2.8%），且城乡差异显著。超过四分之三（80%）的学生身体活动不足，且城乡之间没有差异。仅有 2.4%的学生摄入推荐量的水果和/或蔬菜（城市 3.1%，农村 1.7%）。在调整后的模型中，居住地与多种可改变的 CVD 危险因素的发生几率较高有关：当前吸烟（OR：1.807，CI 0.872 至 3.744）、水果和蔬菜摄入不足（OR：1.094，CI 0.631 至 1.895）、身体活动不足（OR：1.082，CI 0.751 至 1.558）、超重（OR：3.812，CI 2.245 至 6.470）和肥胖（OR：7.449，CI 3.947 至 14.057）。
孟加拉国城乡学童的 CVD 危险因素状况均较差，需要进行更大规模的全国性研究以更准确地阐明当前的发现。
