Hug Evelin, Winzeler Katja, Pfaltz Monique C, Cajochen Christian, Bader Klaus
CBT Unit, Center for Specific Psychotherapy, Psychiatric Hospital of the University of Basel, Wilhelm Klein-Strasse 27, 4002 Basel, Switzerland.
Department of Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry and Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, Haldenbachstrasse 18, 8091 Zürich, Switzerland.
Clocks Sleep. 2019 Feb 12;1(1):126-139. doi: 10.3390/clockssleep1010012. eCollection 2019 Mar.
This study aimed at examining potential associations of mid sleep timing (chronotype) and social jetlag with intake of alcohol and caffeine, depressive symptoms, and body mass index (BMI) in a sample of healthy young women. Furthermore, it was explored whether these behavioral sleep-wake parameters are associated with adverse childhood experiences (ACEs). In total, 146 women (21.7 ± 1.7 years) took part in a two-week assessment on daily consumption of alcohol and caffeine. They completed questionnaires on ACEs, chronotype, sleep quality and depressive symptoms. Partial correlations and Chi-Square tests were calculated to assess the relationships between the assessed variables. Results show an association on a trend level for chronotype ( = 0.162, = 0.053) and a significant association for social jetlag ( = 0.169, = 0.044) with average alcohol intake. Furthermore, participants with above-median ACEs were more likely to be late chronotypes compared to the below-median group (X2(2) = 6.595, = 0.037). We could replicate the association among late chronotype, social jetlag and higher alcohol consumption in a sample of healthy, young women. Furthermore, our results suggest a relationship between ACEs and chronotype. Although it can be hypothesized that it is rather ACEs that have an impact on chronotype, further research is needed to explore this relationship more and to shed more light on the direction of the association between chronotype and ACEs as well as on underlying mechanisms and possible mediators.
本研究旨在调查健康年轻女性样本中，睡眠中期时间（昼夜节律类型）和社会时差与酒精和咖啡因摄入量、抑郁症状及体重指数（BMI）之间的潜在关联。此外，还探讨了这些行为性睡眠-觉醒参数是否与童年不良经历（ACEs）有关。共有146名女性（21.7±1.7岁）参与了为期两周的酒精和咖啡因每日摄入量评估。她们完成了关于ACEs、昼夜节律类型、睡眠质量和抑郁症状的问卷调查。计算了偏相关性和卡方检验，以评估所评估变量之间的关系。结果显示，昼夜节律类型在趋势水平上存在关联（=0.162，=0.053），社会时差与平均酒精摄入量存在显著关联（=0.169，=0.044）。此外，与ACEs中位数以下的组相比，ACEs中位数以上的参与者更有可能是晚睡型昼夜节律类型（X2(2)=6.595，=0.037）。我们能够在健康年轻女性样本中重现晚睡型昼夜节律类型、社会时差与较高酒精消费之间的关联。此外，我们的结果表明ACEs与昼夜节律类型之间存在关系。虽然可以假设是ACEs对昼夜节律类型产生影响，但需要进一步研究以更深入地探索这种关系，阐明昼夜节律类型与ACEs之间关联的方向以及潜在机制和可能的中介因素。
