Coughlin Steven S, Young Lufei
Department of Population Health Sciences, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia.
Institute of Public and Preventive Health, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia.
Eur j Cardiovasc Res. 2020;1(1). doi: 10.31487/j.ejcr.2020.01.02. Epub 2020 Sep 18.
Social determinants of health that have been examined in relation to myocardial infarction incidence and survival include socioeconomic status (income, education), neighbourhood disadvantage, immigration status, social support, and social network. Other social determinants of health include geographic factors such as neighbourhood access to health services. Socioeconomic factors influence risk of myocardial infarction. Myocardial infarction incidence rates tend to be inversely associated with socioeconomic status. In addition, studies have shown that low socioeconomic status is associated with increased risk of poorer survival. There are well-documented disparities in myocardial infarction survival by socioeconomic status, race, education, and census-tract-level poverty. The results of this review indicate that social determinants such as neighbourhood disadvantage, immigration status, lack of social support, and social isolation also play an important role in myocardial infarction risk and survival. To address these social determinants and eliminate disparities, effective interventions are needed that account for the social and environmental contexts in which heart attack patients live and are treated.
已针对心肌梗死发病率和生存率进行研究的健康社会决定因素包括社会经济地位（收入、教育程度）、邻里劣势、移民身份、社会支持和社会网络。其他健康社会决定因素包括地理因素，如邻里获得医疗服务的机会。社会经济因素会影响心肌梗死风险。心肌梗死发病率往往与社会经济地位呈负相关。此外，研究表明，社会经济地位较低与生存较差风险增加有关。在心肌梗死生存率方面，社会经济地位、种族、教育程度和普查区层面的贫困存在有据可查的差异。本综述结果表明，邻里劣势、移民身份、缺乏社会支持和社会孤立等社会决定因素在心肌梗死风险和生存率方面也起着重要作用。为解决这些社会决定因素并消除差异，需要采取有效的干预措施，同时考虑到心脏病发作患者生活和接受治疗的社会和环境背景。
