Rossi Roberto, Ghezzi Carlo, Tomecek Martin
Int J Esthet Dent. 2020;15(4):454-473.
Ridge defects are a very common finding after tooth extraction. Recent literature has shown that the pattern of bone and soft tissue remodeling can obtain up to 50% of the original volume. Many different surgical approaches have been proposed over the years to correct ridge defects, but the results have often been inconsistent or difficult to reproduce on a daily basis. For some time, surgeons have relied on the guided bone regeneration (GBR) technique, taking advantage of a barrier membrane to protect the blood clot, combined with different combinations of autogenous bone and bone grafts from various sources. If some kind of understanding has been reached and certain guidelines adopted for the treatment of horizontal defects, those for tridimensional and vertical defects still present a challenge. About a decade ago, a new biomaterial became available on the market - a membrane made of collagenated porcine bone called cortical lamina - which proved to be reliable and easy to handle for both horizontal and vertical defects. The aim of this article is to review the current literature on the topic and to discuss the material in its three forms through the presentation of three patient cases of differing complexity, each with its unique indications and characteristics.
牙槽嵴缺损是拔牙后非常常见的情况。最近的文献表明，骨和软组织重塑模式可使牙槽嵴获得高达原始体积的50%。多年来，人们提出了许多不同的手术方法来矫正牙槽嵴缺损，但结果往往不一致，或者在日常操作中难以重现。一段时间以来，外科医生一直依赖引导骨再生（GBR）技术，利用屏障膜保护血凝块，并结合不同组合的自体骨和来自各种来源的骨移植材料。如果在水平缺损的治疗方面已经达成了某种共识并采用了某些指导原则，那么三维和垂直缺损的治疗仍然是一个挑战。大约十年前，一种新的生物材料进入市场——一种由胶原化猪骨制成的膜，称为皮质板层——事实证明，它对于水平和垂直缺损都是可靠且易于操作的。本文的目的是回顾关于该主题的当前文献，并通过展示三个不同复杂程度的患者病例来讨论这种材料的三种形式，每个病例都有其独特的适应症和特点。
