Proprietary sleep aids and sedatives can cause delirium, coma and occasionally death in children and adults. The constituents in sleep aids that significantly effect central nervous system activity are bromides, methapyrilene, pyrilamine and scopolamine (hyoscine). Constituent proportions and mixtures vary greatly at different times since manufacturers make frequent adjustments. The effects of toxicity resulting from the misuse of ethylenediamines include nausea, vomiting, blurred vision, incoordination, tremors, dry mouth, constipation and an acute poisoning syndrome. Management of adverse reactions produced by either methapyrilene or pyrilamine consists of dosage reduction or discontinuation. The acute poisoning syndrome requires implementation of general symptomatic and supportive principles.
专利睡眠辅助药物和镇静剂可导致儿童和成人出现谵妄、昏迷，偶尔还会导致死亡。睡眠辅助药物中对中枢神经系统活动有显著影响的成分包括溴化物、甲吡咯嗪、吡苄明和东莨菪碱（海俄辛）。由于制造商频繁调整，不同时期成分比例和混合物差异很大。乙二胺滥用导致的中毒效应包括恶心、呕吐、视力模糊、共济失调、震颤、口干、便秘和急性中毒综合征。对甲吡咯嗪或吡苄明产生的不良反应的处理包括减少剂量或停药。急性中毒综合征需要实施一般的对症和支持原则。
