Sleep aids and sedatives.

Proprietary sleep aids and sedatives can cause delirium, coma and occasionally death in children and adults. The constituents in sleep aids that significantly effect central nervous system activity are bromides, methapyrilene, pyrilamine and scopolamine (hyoscine). Constituent proportions and mixtures vary greatly at different times since manufacturers make frequent adjustments. The effects of toxicity resulting from the misuse of ethylenediamines include nausea, vomiting, blurred vision, incoordination, tremors, dry mouth, constipation and an acute poisoning syndrome. Management of adverse reactions produced by either methapyrilene or pyrilamine consists of dosage reduction or discontinuation. The acute poisoning syndrome requires implementation of general symptomatic and supportive principles.