Accidental hypothermia is an acute medical emergency with a high mortality rate. Physiologic derangements include hypoxemia, hypotension, acidosis, and arrhythmias. Management consists of careful monitoring rewarming, vigorous supportive care, and treatment of underlying and complicating disorders. Active core rewarming is recommended for hypothermia with associated cardiovascular insufficiency or instability and rapid core rewarming for hypothermia with cardiovascular collapse. Otherwise, passive or active external rewarming may be used. Good supportive care with correction of physiologic disturbances and vigorous treatment of underlying and complicating disorders are important in improving the survival rate.
意外低体温是一种死亡率很高的急性医疗急症。生理紊乱包括低氧血症、低血压、酸中毒和心律失常。处理措施包括仔细监测复温、积极的支持治疗以及对基础疾病和并发疾病的治疗。对于伴有心血管功能不全或不稳定的低体温患者，建议进行主动核心复温；对于伴有心血管衰竭的低体温患者，建议进行快速核心复温。否则，可以采用被动或主动体表复温。通过纠正生理紊乱进行良好的支持治疗以及积极治疗基础疾病和并发疾病，对于提高生存率很重要。
