Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, UK.
Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, and National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre and Department of Rheumatology, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, UK.
Clin Exp Rheumatol. 2020 Jul-Aug;38 Suppl 126(4):216-221. Epub 2020 Oct 23.
Non-genetic risk factors for Sjögren's syndrome (SS) are poorly understood. Adherence to a Mediterranean diet has been associated with reduction in other autoimmune diseases. We examined the association of Mediterranean diet with SS.
New patients attending a single centre warranting investigation for primary SS (pSS) were recruited into the Optimising Assessment in Sjögren's Syndrome cohort established in Birmingham, UK (2014-2018). Participants were classified into pSS and non-SS sicca, considered as cases and non-cases, respectively, and asked to complete an optional food frequency questionnaire on their diet before onset of symptoms. A semi-quantitative Mediterranean diet score (MDS) was calculated (possible range=0 to 18). Using multivariate logistic regression, corrected for energy intake, body-mass index, sex, age, symptom duration, and smoking status, we examined the association of MDS with SS.
Dietary data were available for 133/243 (55%) eligible patients (n=82 pSS and n=51 sicca). In the adjusted model, a higher total MDS (mean ± SD, 9.41±2.31 points) was associated with lower odds of pSS (OR 0.81, 95% CI 0.66-0.99; p=0.038) per one unit of MDS. Among MDS components, the strongest association was seen with fish with OR 0.44 (95% CI 0.24-0.83; p=0.01) in the comparison between <1 portion/week and 1 to 2.5 portions/week. Higher galactose, vitamin A-retinol-equivalents and vitamin C showed associations with lower odds of pSS in multivariate analysis, where the association of vitamin C was attenuated when adjusted for MDS.
When adjusted for potential confounders, adherence to the Mediterranean diet was associated with lower likelihood of having pSS.
干燥综合征（SS）的非遗传风险因素尚不清楚。坚持地中海饮食已与其他自身免疫性疾病的减少有关。我们研究了地中海饮食与 SS 的关系。
新患者参加了在英国伯明翰建立的优化干燥综合征评估队列（2014-2018 年），需要进行原发性 SS（pSS）的调查。将参与者分为 pSS 和非 SS 干燥症，并分别将其归类为病例和非病例，并要求他们在出现症状之前完成关于饮食的可选食物频率问卷。计算半定量地中海饮食评分（MDS）（可能范围为 0 至 18）。使用多变量逻辑回归，校正能量摄入、体重指数、性别、年龄、症状持续时间和吸烟状况，我们检查了 MDS 与 SS 的关联。
133/243（55%）合格患者（n=82 pSS 和 n=51 干燥症）可获得饮食数据。在调整后的模型中，较高的总 MDS（平均值±标准差，9.41±2.31 分）与 pSS 的可能性较低相关（OR 0.81，95%CI 0.66-0.99；p=0.038）每增加一个 MDS 单位。在 MDS 成分中，与鱼类的相关性最强，每周 <1 份与每周 1 至 2.5 份相比，OR 为 0.44（95%CI 0.24-0.83；p=0.01）。在多变量分析中，较高的半乳糖、维生素 A-视黄醇当量和维生素 C 与 pSS 的可能性较低相关，当调整 MDS 时，维生素 C 的相关性减弱。
在调整潜在混杂因素后，坚持地中海饮食与发生 pSS 的可能性降低相关。
