School of Business, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, PR China; School of Engineering, University of British Columbia, Okanagan, 3333 University Way, Kelowna, BC V1V 1V7, Canada.
School of Engineering, University of British Columbia, Okanagan, 3333 University Way, Kelowna, BC V1V 1V7, Canada.
Waste Manag. 2021 Jan 1;119:275-284. doi: 10.1016/j.wasman.2020.10.001. Epub 2020 Oct 22.
Critical high-tech minerals (CHTMs) are raw materials that are essential for a future clean-energy transition and the manufacture of high-end products. Cellphones, one of the fastest growing electronic products, contain various CHTMs. Since 2019, India has surpassed the United States to become the second largest smartphone market in the world. An increasing and alarming number of excessive waste cellphones will be generated in India in the near future. In this study, the dynamic material flow analysis approach and the Weibull distribution are adopted to analyze the volumes of accumulated waste cellphones and the contained CHTMs based on the differentiation between smartphones and feature phones in India. Moreover, a market supply model is adopted to predict the future trends of CHTMs in waste cellphones. The results show a general upward tendency of waste cellphone volume in India, which indicates that various CHTMs contained in cellphone waste can be properly reused or recycled. Future implications based on the analysis results are provided for efficient cellphone management in India.
关键高科技矿产（CHTMs）是未来清洁能源转型和高端产品制造所必需的原材料。手机是增长最快的电子产品之一，其中含有各种 CHTMs。自 2019 年以来，印度已超过美国成为全球第二大智能手机市场。在不久的将来，印度产生的废弃手机数量将越来越多，令人震惊。在这项研究中，采用动态物质流分析方法和威布尔分布，根据印度智能手机和功能手机的区别，分析了累积废弃手机的数量和所含的 CHTMs。此外，还采用市场供应模型来预测未来废手机中 CHTMs 的趋势。结果表明，印度废弃手机的数量总体呈上升趋势，这表明手机废弃物中所含的各种 CHTMs 可以得到妥善的再利用或回收。根据分析结果提供了未来的影响，为印度有效的手机管理提供了参考。
