Institute for Biology, Plant Cell and Molecular Biology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10115, Berlin, Germany.
CSIRO Agriculture and Food, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia.
Planta. 2020 Oct 24;252(5):92. doi: 10.1007/s00425-020-03480-5.
Long non-coding RNAs modulate gene activity in plant development and stress responses by various molecular mechanisms. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are transcripts larger than 200 nucleotides without protein coding potential. Computational approaches have identified numerous lncRNAs in different plant species. Research in the past decade has unveiled that plant lncRNAs participate in a wide range of biological processes, including regulation of flowering time and morphogenesis of reproductive organs, as well as abiotic and biotic stress responses. LncRNAs execute their functions by interacting with DNA, RNA and protein molecules, and by modulating the expression level of their targets through epigenetic, transcriptional, post-transcriptional or translational regulation. In this review, we summarize characteristics of plant lncRNAs, discuss recent progress on understanding of lncRNA functions, and propose an experimental framework for functional characterization.
长非编码 RNA 通过多种分子机制调节植物发育和应激反应中的基因活性。长非编码 RNA（lncRNA）是指长度大于 200 个核苷酸且没有蛋白编码潜能的转录本。计算方法已经在不同的植物物种中鉴定出了许多 lncRNA。过去十年的研究表明，植物 lncRNA 参与了广泛的生物学过程，包括开花时间的调控和生殖器官的形态发生，以及非生物和生物胁迫的响应。lncRNA 通过与 DNA、RNA 和蛋白质分子相互作用，并通过表观遗传、转录、转录后或翻译调节来调控其靶标表达水平，从而发挥其功能。在这篇综述中，我们总结了植物 lncRNA 的特征，讨论了对 lncRNA 功能的理解的最新进展，并提出了一个功能表征的实验框架。
