Nchimbi Hamisi Yunus
Department of Biology, College of Natural and Mathematical Sciences, University of Dodoma, P.O. Box 259, Dodoma, Tanzania.
Saudi J Biol Sci. 2020 Nov;27(11):3161-3168. doi: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2020.07.019. Epub 2020 Jul 18.
Despite widespread and its local available as a naturalized hedge and shade plant, the potential of was not utilized in soap making by the majority of local community in various parts of Dodoma, Tanzania. This study aimed to assess the quantity (yields) and quality (Acid Values (AVs), %Free Fatty Acids (%FFAs) and Saponification Values (SVs) of seed oil from water plant (), suitable for soap making application. Solvent extraction method was used during oil extraction, where by 50gm of preheated and powdered seed materials were immersed in 250 ml of n-hexane in 1:5 (w/v) to dissolve the oil contained in the seed cake. The oil was collected by vaporizing solvent out through Rotary evaporation at 60 °C. Also standard titration methods were used to obtain SVs, AVs and %FFAs of the extracted oil. Results showed that seeds contained higher quantity of oil (48.4%-50.2%) than many reported commercial plant seed oils. Also, the study found higher AV (7.4 mgKOH/g-7.8 mgKOH/g), %FFA (3.7% to 3.9%) and SVs (189.5 mgKOH/g 191.4 mgKOH/g) than the maximum acceptable limits of 0.50 mg KOH/g, 0.020% and 175 mgKOH/g - 187 mgKOH/g prescribed by ASTM standards (2002). The obtained results showed that, seeds yielded high oil quantity with low qualities due to higher levels of acidity. But high SVs guarantees the possibility of using seed oil in soap making. However, the oil requires purification in order to bring levels of acidity to acceptable standards and guarantee its normal use in soap making.
尽管作为一种归化的绿篱和遮荫植物广泛存在且当地可获取，但坦桑尼亚多多马各地的大多数当地社区并未将其用于肥皂制作。本研究旨在评估适合肥皂制作应用的水生植物种子油的产量（数量）和质量（酸值（AVs）、游离脂肪酸百分比（%FFAs）和皂化值（SVs））。在油提取过程中采用溶剂萃取法，将50克预热并磨成粉末的种子材料按1:5（w/v）浸入250毫升正己烷中，以溶解种子饼中的油。通过在60°C下旋转蒸发除去溶剂来收集油。还采用标准滴定法获得提取油的SVs、AVs和%FFAs。结果表明，该植物种子含油量（48.4%-50.2%）高于许多已报道的商业植物种子油。此外，该研究发现其AV（7.4毫克KOH/克 - 7.8毫克KOH/克）、%FFA（3.7%至3.9%）和SVs（189.5毫克KOH/克 - 191.4毫克KOH/克）高于美国材料与试验协会标准（2002）规定的最大可接受限度0.50毫克KOH/克、0.020%和175毫克KOH/克 - 187毫克KOH/克。所得结果表明，由于酸度较高，该植物种子产油量高但质量较低。但高SVs保证了使用该植物种子油制作肥皂的可能性。然而，该油需要提纯以使酸度水平达到可接受标准，并保证其在肥皂制作中的正常使用。
