Unidad de Investigación en Epidemiología y Servicios de Salud, Área Envejecimiento, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Centro Medico Nacional Siglo XXI, Mexico City, México.
Comisionada a la Unidad de Investigación en Epidemiología Clínica, Hospital General Regional No 1 Doctor Carlos Mac Gregor Sánchez Navarro IMSS, Mexico City, México.
J Alzheimers Dis. 2020;78(3):1033-1045. doi: 10.3233/JAD-200574.
Dementia is a persistent, progressive state of cognitive decline against which pharmacological intervention has a modest efficacy, reducing behavioral but not cognitive symptoms. Therefore, different non-pharmacological therapies have been developed; the most scientifically recognized are cognitive therapies that have improved cognitive function and daily life activities.
To evaluate the effectiveness of a multicomponent cognitive stimulation therapy (SADEM) on cognitive and behavioral function and daily life activities in patients with mild stage dementia.
Controlled clinical trial with pre- and post-intervention (12 months) and follow-up (24 months after) evaluations. Participants (67) diagnosed with mild dementia were randomly assigned to intervention group (n = 39) or control group (n = 28). The intervention took place throughout one year and consisted of two weekly 90-minute sessions and one more a year after a monthly follow-up. Instruments were used to evaluate outcomes in cognitive, behavioral, and affective domains.
The results showed statistically significant differences, with improvement in the cognitive outcomes and the Dementia Index post-intervention (p = 0.01). No progression of the disease was observed at the end of the study.
The multicomponent intervention tested had positive effects on cognitive and behavioral functions and daily life activities in people with mild stage dementia, delaying progression for at least two years.
痴呆是一种持续的、进行性的认知能力下降状态，药物干预对此仅有适度疗效，可减轻行为症状，但无法改善认知症状。因此，开发了不同的非药物治疗方法；其中最被科学界认可的是认知疗法，它可以改善认知功能和日常生活活动。
评估多成分认知刺激疗法（SADEM）对轻度痴呆患者认知和行为功能及日常生活活动的有效性。
采用前后测（12 个月）和随访（24 个月后）的对照临床试验设计。参与者（67 名）被诊断为轻度痴呆，随机分为干预组（n = 39）和对照组（n = 28）。干预持续一年，包括每周两次 90 分钟的课程，以及每年一次的每月随访。使用评估认知、行为和情感领域结果的工具。
结果显示干预后认知结果和痴呆指数有统计学意义的差异（p = 0.01）。研究结束时未观察到疾病的进展。
测试的多成分干预对轻度痴呆患者的认知和行为功能以及日常生活活动有积极影响，至少可以延迟疾病进展两年。
