Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
Am J Alzheimers Dis Other Demen. 2024 Jan-Dec;39:15333175241256803. doi: 10.1177/15333175241256803.
Multimodal non-pharmacological interventions (MNPI) have been determined as effective in delaying cognitive deterioration. The effectiveness of timing of such interventions in elderly is less discussed. We compared the different effectiveness of MNPI in cognitive preservation in elderly subjects with and without dementia.
We enrolled volunteer the elderly subjects. Subjects were classified as dementia group and non-dementia group by instrument of ascertainment of dementia 8. All were assigned to attend 3 hours of MNPI (physical fitness training, Chinese capillary, and Chinese drawings and paintings) twice a week over a 16-week period. Neuropsychiatric tests, including Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Cognitive Assessment Screening Instrument (CASI), clinical dementia rating (CDR), and neuropsychiatric inventory (NPI), were administered before and 1 year after MNPI. We demonstrated the changes of cognition and behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) before and after MNPI. We compared the different effectiveness of cognition preservation between two groups.
In total, there were 43 participants in our study, including 18 with non-dementia and 25 with dementia. The non-dementia group had a significantly higher proportion of cognitive preservation in remote memory (100.0% vs 68.0%, = .007), orientation (94.4% vs 48.0%, = .001), drawing (94.4% vs 64.0%, = .021) and language (77.8% vs 48.0%, = .049) than the dementia group. The highest proportion of preserved cognition after MNPI was remote memory (100%), followed by orientation (94.4%) and drawing (94.4%) in the non-dementia group. The highest proportion of preserved cognition after MNPI was attention (72%) followed by remote memory (68%), recent memory (64%) and drawing (64%) in the dementia group. Overall, their improved rate in behavioral and psychological symptoms was 55.6%.
Our study concluded the benefits of early MNPI in cognition preservation in the elderly, especially in the field of remote memory, orientation, drawing and language.
多模式非药物干预（MNPI）已被确定为延缓认知能力下降的有效方法。关于此类干预措施在老年人中的最佳实施时机仍讨论较少。我们比较了认知正常和认知障碍的老年人接受 MNPI 后对认知功能的不同影响。
我们招募了志愿的老年受试者。使用认知障碍筛查量表 8 确定受试者是否为痴呆症患者，将其分为痴呆症组和非痴呆症组。所有受试者均被安排参加为期 16 周、每周 2 次的 MNPI（体能训练、中医经络、国画），每次 3 小时。在 MNPI 前后 1 年进行神经心理测试，包括简易精神状态检查（MMSE）、认知评估筛选工具（CASI）、临床痴呆评定量表（CDR）和神经精神问卷（NPI）。我们展示了 MNPI 前后认知和行为及心理症状的变化。我们比较了两组认知保护的不同效果。
共有 43 名参与者参与了本研究，其中 18 名认知正常，25 名患有痴呆症。认知正常组在远程记忆（100.0%比 68.0%， =.007）、定向（94.4%比 48.0%， =.001）、绘画（94.4%比 64.0%， =.021）和语言（77.8%比 48.0%， =.049）方面的认知保存比例明显更高。MNPI 后认知保存比例最高的是远程记忆（100%），其次是定向（94.4%）和绘画（94.4%），认知正常组。MNPI 后认知保存比例最高的是注意力（72%），其次是远程记忆（68%）、近期记忆（64%）和绘画（64%），痴呆症组。总的来说，他们的行为和心理症状改善率为 55.6%。
我们的研究表明，早期 MNPI 对老年人认知功能的保护具有重要意义，特别是在远程记忆、定向、绘画和语言等领域。
