University of Texas School of Public Health.
University of Texas McGovern Medical School.
Curr Opin Gastroenterol. 2021 Jan;37(1):66-75. doi: 10.1097/MOG.0000000000000693.
To provide the definition, causes, and current recommendations for workup and treatment of acute infectious colitis in adults, a common medical problem of diverse cause.
The management of acute colitis in adults depend upon establishment of cause. Most forms of infectious colitis are treatable with antimicrobials. Multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) followed by guided culture on PCR-positive pathogens can often confirm active infection while standard culture methods provide isolates for antibiotic susceptibility testing, subtyping, and Whole Genome Sequencing.
Patients with colitis may be suffering from a range of etiologies including infectious colitis, neutropenic colitis, drug-induced colitis, and inflammatory bowel disease. The present review was prepared to provide an approach to prompt diagnosis and management of acute colitis to prevent severe complications (e.g. dehydration and malnutrition, or toxic megacolon) and provide recommendations for antimicrobial therapy.
提供成人急性感染性结肠炎的定义、病因和目前的检查及治疗建议，这是一种病因多样的常见医学问题。
成人急性结肠炎的治疗取决于病因的确立。大多数感染性结肠炎可通过使用抗生素进行治疗。多重聚合酶链反应（PCR），然后对 PCR 阳性病原体进行培养，可以在确认有活动性感染的同时，还可以指导临床治疗，而标准的培养方法则可提供分离物进行抗生素药敏试验、亚型分析和全基因组测序。
患有结肠炎的患者可能患有多种病因，包括感染性结肠炎、中性粒细胞减少性结肠炎、药物诱导性结肠炎和炎症性肠病。本综述旨在提供一种急性结肠炎的快速诊断和管理方法，以预防严重并发症（如脱水和营养不良，或中毒性巨结肠），并提供抗生素治疗建议。
