Health and Human Physiological Sciences, Skidmore College, Saratoga Springs, New York (Dr Hollerbach, Dr Mathias, Dr Smith); Public Safety Occupational Health Center, Fairfax, Virginia (Dr Stewart); HeartFit For Duty, Mesa, Arizona (Ms Jack).
J Occup Environ Med. 2020 Dec;62(12):1063-1068. doi: 10.1097/JOM.0000000000002057.
Examine atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk scores by age and weight status in career firefighters.
Medical examinations for firefighters more than or equal to 40 years (n = 644) were examined. ASCVD 10-year risk scores were calculated from sex- and race-specific equations and were reported by three age (40 to 44.9, 45 to 49.9, more than or equal to 50 years) and weight (normal, overweight, obese) categories.
Mean risk scores were 1.8%, 3.5%, and 6.2% for firefighters 40 to 44.9, 45 to 49.9, and more than or equal to 50 years, respectively. The association of weight status with increased ASCVD risk was higher (P < 0.01) among older firefighters, where risk was 0.8% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.6 to 1.1) and 2.3% (95% CI: 2.0 to 2.6) among normal versus obese 40 to 44.9 year olds, and 4.1% (95% CI: 3.1 to 5.3) and 7.8% (95% CI: 6.7 to 8.9) among normal versus obese more than or equal to 50 year olds.
While firefighters cannot avoid aging, physicians should counsel firefighters with weight-maintenance or weight-loss advice to prevent and manage elevated ASCVD risk.
检查职业消防员的年龄和体重状况与动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病（ASCVD）风险评分的关系。
对年龄大于或等于 40 岁的消防员（n=644）进行体检。使用性别和种族特异性方程计算 ASCVD 10 年风险评分，并根据三个年龄（40 至 44.9、45 至 49.9 和大于或等于 50 岁）和体重（正常、超重、肥胖）类别进行报告。
40 至 44.9、45 至 49.9 和大于或等于 50 岁的消防员的平均风险评分分别为 1.8%、3.5%和 6.2%。在年龄较大的消防员中，体重状况与 ASCVD 风险增加的相关性更高（P<0.01），其中正常体重与肥胖 40 至 44.9 岁的消防员的风险比为 0.8%（95%置信区间：0.6 至 1.1）和 2.3%（95%置信区间：2.0 至 2.6），正常体重与肥胖大于或等于 50 岁的消防员的风险比为 4.1%（95%置信区间：3.1 至 5.3）和 7.8%（95%置信区间：6.7 至 8.9）。
虽然消防员无法避免衰老，但医生应该建议保持体重或减肥，以预防和管理 ASCVD 风险的升高。
