Department of Neurology and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, China.
J Mol Neurosci. 2021 May;71(5):1-12. doi: 10.1007/s12031-020-01733-2. Epub 2020 Oct 27.
Vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) refers to the entire spectrum of vascular brain pathologies that contribute to cognitive deficits, ranging from subjective cognitive decline to dementia. The main pathologies in VCI are infarcts and white matter hyperintensities due to ischemia. VCI rodent models can be divided into surgical models (e.g., MCAO, BCAO, BCAS, 2-VO, 4-VO) and genetic models (e.g., SHR/SP, T2DM, CAA, CADASIL) based on construction methods. However, no single model can fully recapitulate the pathogenesis of VCI, and choosing the appropriate model for different research purposes would be of crucial importance. Here, we have summarized the commonly used rodent VCI models and discussed their advantages and limitations to provide a necessary reference for selecting suitable animal models to investigate the molecular pathways involved in VCI and develop therapeutic interventions.
血管性认知障碍 (VCI) 是指各种血管性脑病变导致认知功能缺陷的总称，从主观认知下降到痴呆。VCI 的主要病理学改变是由于缺血导致的梗死和脑白质高信号。根据构建方法，VCI 啮齿动物模型可分为手术模型（如 MCAO、BCAO、BCAS、2-VO、4-VO）和遗传模型（如 SHR/SP、T2DM、CAA、CADASIL）。然而，没有任何单一模型可以完全重现 VCI 的发病机制，根据不同的研究目的选择合适的模型至关重要。在这里，我们总结了常用的啮齿动物 VCI 模型，并讨论了它们的优缺点，为选择合适的动物模型研究 VCI 相关的分子通路和开发治疗干预措施提供了必要的参考。
