Department of Exercise Physiology and Sports Therapy, Justus-Liebig-University, Kugelberg, Giessen, Germany.
Occup Med (Lond). 2020 Dec 12;70(8):586-592. doi: 10.1093/occmed/kqaa169.
Welders demonstrate a high prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs), as indicated by high rates of illness-related absenteeism. Leisure time physical activity (LTPA) could be a preventive strategy. However, little is known about LTPA prevalence and its association with MSDs among welders.
The aim of this study was to analyse the prevalence of MSD and LTPA levels among welders and to identify risk factors for the main disorder of low back pain (LBP).
The following data were collected from 145 welders from 34 companies in the German steel industry: individual factors (demographics, health behaviour), job-related factors (welding process, welding hours per day, employment years, shift work, ergonomic tools) and MSD (Nordic questionnaire). LTPA (International Physical Activity Questionnaire) was calculated to determine the metabolic equivalent of task (MET) per week as an objective measure of energy expenditure. Prevalence and multivariate regression analysis were calculated to determine odds ratios (ORs).
The 12-month prevalence of LBP was 71%, for neck pain 61% and for shoulder pain 55%. Forty-two per cent of the participants accumulated <600 MET/week. The multivariate regression model revealed LTPA <600 MET/week (OR 3.4, 95% CI 1.05-10.85) and neck pain in the previous 12 months (OR 5.2, 95% CI 2.02-13.56) to be significantly associated with LBP.
The results show a high prevalence of MSDs and thus a strong requirement for intervention. Therefore, LTPA should be prioritized and employers should encourage access to regular activity.
焊工表现出很高的肌肉骨骼疾病（MSD）患病率，病假缺勤率很高。休闲时间体力活动（LTPA）可能是一种预防策略。然而，对于焊工的 LTPA 患病率及其与 MSD 的关系知之甚少。
本研究旨在分析焊工 MSD 的患病率和 LTPA 水平，并确定导致主要腰痛（LBP）疾病的危险因素。
从德国钢铁行业的 34 家公司的 145 名焊工中收集了以下数据：个体因素（人口统计学、健康行为）、工作相关因素（焊接工艺、每天焊接小时数、工作年限、轮班工作、人体工程学工具）和 MSD（北欧问卷）。计算 LTPA（国际体力活动问卷），以确定每周代谢当量（MET）作为能量消耗的客观测量。进行了患病率和多变量回归分析，以确定优势比（OR）。
12 个月 LBP 的患病率为 71%，颈部疼痛为 61%，肩部疼痛为 55%。42%的参与者积累的 MET/周<600。多变量回归模型显示，LTPA<600 MET/周（OR 3.4，95%CI 1.05-10.85）和前 12 个月的颈部疼痛（OR 5.2，95%CI 2.02-13.56）与 LBP 显著相关。
结果显示 MSD 患病率很高，因此需要进行干预。因此，应优先考虑 LTPA，雇主应鼓励定期进行活动。
