口腔健康促进计划对严重精神疾病患者的效果：一项整群随机对照研究。
Effectiveness of oral health promotion program for persons with severe mental illness: a cluster randomized controlled study.
机构信息
Department of Psychiatry, Chang Bing Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, No. 6, Lugong Rd., Lugang Township, Changhua County, 505, Taiwan, ROC.
Department of Nursing, Chang Bing Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua County, Taiwan, ROC.
出版信息
BMC Oral Health. 2020 Oct 27;20(1):290. doi: 10.1186/s12903-020-01280-7.
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the effectiveness of a composite oral health promotion program designed to reduce dental plaque among persons with severe mental illness in a psychiatric institution.
METHODS
A cluster randomized controlled study was carried out in chronic psychiatric wards of a general hospital in central Taiwan. Sixty-eight eligible male individuals admitted to 2 wards were randomly assigned to an experimental and a control group. Participants in the experimental group underwent an oral health promotion program that consisted of biweekly group education sessions, and a 12-week individual behavioral modification for oral hygiene course. The participants in the control group received usual care only. Dental plaque (measured by the Plaque Control Index) was examined by a single dentist before and after the experiment. Each participant responded to a questionnaire regarding oral health knowledge, attitude and behavior before and after the experiment.
RESULTS
Fifty-eight individuals completed the study. Before the experiment, the plaque index was similar between the intervention group (68.9; N = 27) and the control group (69.8; N = 31). After the experiment, the plaque index was significantly better in the intervention group than in the control group (42.6 vs. 61.8; P < 0.001). Participants in the intervention group also demonstrated better oral health knowledge, attitude and behavior than those in the control group after the experiment.
CONCLUSIONS
A composite oral health promotion program using both group education and individual behavioral methods over a 12-week period was effective in both reducing dental plaque and improving the oral health knowledge of persons with severe mental illness in the institution.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
This study was retrospectively registered in Clinicaltrials.gov, with number NCT04464941, dated 7/7/2020. https://register.clinicaltrials.gov/RD103035018 .
目的
评估一项旨在减少精神病院内严重精神疾病患者牙菌斑的综合口腔健康促进计划的效果。
方法
在台湾中部一家综合医院的慢性精神科病房进行了一项整群随机对照研究。将 2 个病房中符合条件的 68 名男性个体随机分配到实验组和对照组。实验组参与者接受了每两周一次的团体教育课程和为期 12 周的个人口腔卫生行为矫正课程。对照组参与者仅接受常规护理。在实验前后，由一名牙医使用菌斑控制指数（Plaque Control Index）检查牙菌斑。每位参与者在实验前后都回答了一份关于口腔健康知识、态度和行为的问卷。
结果
58 人完成了研究。实验前，干预组（68.9；N=27）和对照组（69.8；N=31）的菌斑指数相似。实验后，干预组的菌斑指数明显优于对照组（42.6 对 61.8；P<0.001）。实验组参与者在实验后也表现出比对照组更好的口腔健康知识、态度和行为。
结论
在 12 周的时间内，使用团体教育和个体行为方法相结合的综合口腔健康促进计划，不仅能有效减少牙菌斑，还能提高机构内严重精神疾病患者的口腔健康知识。
试验注册
本研究于 2020 年 7 月 7 日在 Clinicaltrials.gov 进行了回顾性注册，编号为 NCT04464941。https://register.clinicaltrials.gov/RD103035018。
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