Research Group Healthcare & Innovation in Psychiatry, Department of Healthcare, NHL Stenden University of Applied Sciences, Rengerslaan 8-10, 8900 CG Leeuwarden, The Netherlands.
Department of Clinical Psychology and Experimental Psychopathology, University of Groningen, Grote Kruisstraat 2/1, 9712 TS Groningen, The Netherlands.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Jul 30;18(15):8113. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18158113.
Poor oral health affects quality of life and daily functioning in the general population and especially in patients with mental health disorders. Due to the high burden of oral health-related quality of life in patients with a mental health disorder, it is important for nurses to know how they can intervene in an early phase. The aim of this systematic scoping review was to identify and appraise oral health interventions in patients with a mental health disorder. A systematic scoping review with a critical appraisal of the literature was conducted using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methodology for scoping reviews and their checklists. MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO and reference lists were searched from their inception until December 2020. Results: Eleven quantitative studies were included in the review: four randomized controlled trials, six quasi-experimental studies and one cohort study. Studies focused on interventions for patients ( = 8) or focused on patients together with their professionals ( = 3). Four types of oral health interventions in mental health were found: (I) educational interventions; (II) physical interventions; (III) interventions combining behavioural and educational elements and (IV) interventions combining educational and physical elements. All studies ( = 11) had an evaluation period ≤12 months. Nine studies showed an effect on the short term (≤12 months) with regard to oral health knowledge, oral health behaviour, or physical oral health outcomes (e.g., plaque index). Two studies showed no effects on any outcome. Overall, the methodological insufficient to good. Conclusion: Four types of interventions with positive effects (≤12 months) on oral health knowledge, oral health behaviour, and physical oral health outcomes in different diagnostic patient groups were found. Due to the heterogeneity in both interventions, diagnostic groups and outcomes, one golden standard oral health intervention cannot be advised yet, although the methodological quality of studies seems sufficient. Developing an integrated oral health toolkit might be of great importance in mental health considering its potential effect on oral health-related quality of life.
口腔健康状况不佳会影响普通人群的生活质量和日常功能，尤其是精神健康障碍患者。由于精神健康障碍患者的口腔健康相关生活质量负担沉重，护士了解如何在早期阶段进行干预非常重要。本系统范围综述的目的是确定和评估精神健康障碍患者的口腔健康干预措施。使用循证卫生保健中心（JBI）的系统范围综述方法及其清单对文献进行了系统评价和批判性评估。检索了 MEDLINE、CINAHL、PsycINFO 和参考文献，检索时间从建库开始到 2020 年 12 月。结果：综述共纳入 11 项定量研究：4 项随机对照试验、6 项准实验研究和 1 项队列研究。研究重点是针对患者的干预措施（=8）或针对患者及其专业人员的干预措施（=3）。共发现 4 种精神健康领域的口腔健康干预措施：（I）教育干预；（II）物理干预；（III）结合行为和教育元素的干预；（IV）结合教育和物理元素的干预。所有研究（=11）的评估期均≤12 个月。9 项研究在短期（≤12 个月）内对口腔健康知识、口腔健康行为或口腔健康的生理指标（如菌斑指数）有影响。2 项研究对任何结果均无影响。总体而言，方法学质量为不足到良好。结论：发现了 4 种类型的干预措施，这些干预措施在不同的诊断患者群体中对口腔健康知识、口腔健康行为和口腔健康的生理结果具有积极影响（≤12 个月）。由于干预措施、诊断组和结果的异质性，虽然研究的方法学质量似乎足够，但还不能推荐一种通用的口腔健康干预措施。考虑到其对口腔健康相关生活质量的潜在影响，为精神健康制定综合口腔健康工具包可能非常重要。
