Pehlİvan KarakaŞ Fatma, CoŞkun Hamit, SoytÜrk Hayriye, Bozat Bihter Gökçe
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Art, Bolu Abant İzzet Baysal University, Bolu Turkey.
Department of Psychology, Faculty of Science and Art, Bolu Abant İzzet Baysal University, Bolu Turkey.
Turk J Biol. 2020 Oct 13;44(5):238-251. doi: 10.3906/biy-2003-8. eCollection 2020.
Recent studies have indicated that polysaccharides, the main component of the L. fruit, have beneficial effects (e.g., anxiolytic, antioxidant, and neuroprotective) on humans and rodents. However, the effects of different dosages of such polysaccharides on ovariectomized rats and their underlying mechanisms in the brain have not been evaluated in the literature. Here, we aimed to evaluate the effects of the high and low doses of polysaccharides obtained from fruits (HD-LBP and LD-LBP, respectively) on anxious behaviors via behavioral (using the OFT and EPM), biochemical (using ELISA), and immunohistochemical (using immunohistochemical staining) measures in detail. Two weeks after ovariectomy, the rats were randomly assigned to either the treatment conditions [control (DW, 3 mL/kg, p.o., per day), LD-LBP (20 mg/kg, 3 mL/kg, p.o., per day), HD-LBP (200 mg/kg, 3 mL/kg, p.o., per day), 17 β-ES (1 mg/kg, 3 mL/kg, p.o., per day), DZ(1 mg/kg, 3 mL/kg, p.o., per day)] or operation type [SHAM (pseudo-ovariectomized) and OVX (ovariectomized)]. The treatments were applied for 30 consecutive days, and then serum and brain tissue samples of all rats were collected. Biochemical (SOD, CAT, GPX, MDA, and 17 β-ES) and immunohistochemical (BDNF, SER, and apoptosis) analyses of the samples were performed as well. The rats administered HD-LBP and LD-LBP were less anxious than the control groups. The HD-LBP-treated rats had high levels of SOD and low levels of MDA in their serum samples. Moreover, HD-LBP and drug-treated groups had a high number of SER receptors and BDNF-positive cells and a low number of TUNEL-positive cells in their hippocampal brain tissues. The HD-LBP treatments decrease anxious behavior by increasing antioxidant enzyme activities, hippocampal SER and BDNF neurotransmitter levels and decreasing the TUNEL-positive cell count of ovariectomized rats. Given these findings, we suggest that menopause-induced symptoms of anxiety can be reduced by polysaccharides obtained from goji berry fruits, and that these findings will be beneficial for the production studies of natural herbal-origin antianxiety (anxiolytic) drugs in the future.
最近的研究表明，枸杞果实的主要成分多糖对人类和啮齿动物具有有益作用（如抗焦虑、抗氧化和神经保护作用）。然而，不同剂量的此类多糖对去卵巢大鼠的影响及其在大脑中的潜在机制在文献中尚未得到评估。在此，我们旨在通过行为学（使用旷场试验和高架十字迷宫）、生化（使用酶联免疫吸附测定）和免疫组织化学（使用免疫组织化学染色）方法详细评估从枸杞果实中提取的高剂量和低剂量多糖（分别为HD-LBP和LD-LBP）对焦虑行为的影响。去卵巢两周后，将大鼠随机分配至治疗组 [对照组（蒸馏水，3 mL/kg，口服，每天）、LD-LBP（20 mg/kg，3 mL/kg，口服，每天）、HD-LBP（200 mg/kg，3 mL/kg，口服，每天）、17β-雌二醇（1 mg/kg，3 mL/kg，口服，每天）、地西泮（1 mg/kg，3 mL/kg，口服，每天）] 或手术类型组 [假手术组（假去卵巢）和去卵巢组（去卵巢）]。连续治疗30天，然后收集所有大鼠的血清和脑组织样本。对样本进行生化分析（超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶、丙二醛和17β-雌二醇）和免疫组织化学分析（脑源性神经营养因子、雌激素受体和凋亡）。给予HD-LBP和LD-LBP的大鼠比对照组焦虑程度更低。HD-LBP处理的大鼠血清样本中超氧化物歧化酶水平高，丙二醛水平低。此外，HD-LBP组和药物治疗组海马脑组织中雌激素受体和脑源性神经营养因子阳性细胞数量多，TUNEL阳性细胞数量少。HD-LBP处理通过提高抗氧化酶活性、海马雌激素受体和脑源性神经营养因子神经递质水平以及减少去卵巢大鼠的TUNEL阳性细胞计数来减轻焦虑行为。基于这些发现，我们认为枸杞果实中的多糖可以减轻绝经引起的焦虑症状，并且这些发现将有利于未来天然草本来源抗焦虑药物的生产研究。
