Rosse Vinicius Possato, Pereira Jaqueline Natiele, Boari Arthur, Costa Gabriel Vinicius, Ribeiro João Pedro Colombo, Vieira-Filho Marcelo
Departamento de Engenharia Ambiental (DAM), Universidade Federal de Lavras, Campus da UFLA, Lavras, Minas Gerais 37200-000 Brazil.
Air Qual Atmos Health. 2021;14(4):543-552. doi: 10.1007/s11869-020-00959-8. Epub 2020 Oct 23.
Since January 2020, studies report reductions in air pollution among several countries due to social isolation measures, which have been adopted in order to contain the coronavirus outbreak progress (COVID-19). This study aims to evaluate the change in the atmospheric pollution levels by NO and NO in São Paulo City for the social isolation period. The NO and NO hourly concentrations were obtained through air quality monitoring stations from CETESB, from January 14, 2020 to April 12, 2020. Mann-Kendall and the Pettitt tests were performed in the air pollutant time series. We observed an overall negative trend in all stations, indicating a decreasing temporal pattern in concentrations. Regarding NO, the highest absolute decrease rates were observed in the Congonhas (- 6.39 μg m month) and Marginal Tietê (- 6.19 μg m month) stations; regarding NO, the highest rates were observed in the Marginal Tietê (- 4.45 μg m month) and Cerqueira César (- 4.34 μg m month) stations. In addition, we identified a turning point in the NO and NO series trends that occurred close to the start date of the social isolation period (March 20, 2020). Moreover, from statistical analysis, it was found that NO is a suitable surrogate for monitoring economic activities during social isolation periods. Thus, we concluded that social isolation measures implemented on March 20, 2020 caused significant changes in the air pollutant concentrations in the city of São Paulo (as high as - 200% in NO levels).
自2020年1月以来，有研究报告称，为遏制新冠病毒（COVID-19）疫情蔓延而采取的社会隔离措施使多个国家的空气污染有所减少。本研究旨在评估圣保罗市在社会隔离期间一氧化氮（NO）和二氧化氮（NO₂）的大气污染水平变化。通过圣保罗州环境公司（CETESB）的空气质量监测站获取了2020年1月14日至2020年4月12日期间NO和NO₂的每小时浓度数据。对空气污染物时间序列进行了曼-肯德尔（Mann-Kendall）检验和佩蒂特（Pettitt）检验。我们观察到所有监测站的整体趋势均为负，表明浓度呈下降的时间模式。对于NO，在孔戈尼亚斯站（-6.39μg/m³·月）和蒂埃特河滨站（-6.19μg/m³·月）观察到最高的绝对下降率；对于NO₂，在蒂埃特河滨站（-4.45μg/m³·月）和塞凯拉·塞萨尔站（-4.34μg/m³·月）观察到最高下降率。此外，我们确定了NO和NO₂序列趋势中的一个转折点，该转折点发生在社会隔离期开始日期（2020年3月20日）附近。此外，通过统计分析发现，NO是监测社会隔离期间经济活动的合适替代指标。因此，我们得出结论，2020年3月20日实施的社会隔离措施导致圣保罗市空气污染物浓度发生了显著变化（NO水平高达-200%）。
