儿童期致肥胖环境：发展中国家高社会经济水平的影响

Obesogenic Environment in Childhood: Implications of High Socioeconomic Level in a Developing Country.

作者信息

Ozumut Sibel Hatice, Erguven Muferet, Besli Esen

机构信息

Istanbul Medeniyet University Goztepe Education and Research Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Kadikoy, Istanbul, Turkey.

Abant Izzet Baysal University, Department of Pediatrics, Düzce, Turkey.

出版信息

Medeni Med J. 2020;35(3):236-241. doi: 10.5222/MMJ.2020.99836. Epub 2020 Sep 30.

DOI:10.5222/MMJ.2020.99836

PMID:33110676

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7584261/

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

Today, obesity in childhood is considered as an important health problem, especially in developed countries. This study aims to determine the prevalence of obesity in children and to reveal the relationship between television watching habit, computer use and socioeconomic status in children.

METHOD

A cross-sectional study was performed in 11 public schools selected with random sampling in Istanbul. A total of 1479 children (767 males (51.9%)) were included in the study. Their ages ranged from 10-15, and the mean age was 11.95±1.36 years for girls and 12.06±1.39 years for boys. Demographic characteristics and factors affecting obesity were inquired with the structured questionnaire form.The height, and body weights of the students were measured, and their body mass ındexes were calculated. Those with a BMI above the 95th percentile were considered obese, and those between the 85 and 95 percentiles were considered as overweight.

RESULTS

In the study group, the obesity rate was calculated as 5.3%, and the mild obesity rate as 14.9 percent. The total prevalence of overweight and obese children was 20.2%. The frequency of obesity in the high socioeconomic level group was significantly higher than low one (p<0.01). The average daily screen time was 3.74±1.58 hours. The obesity risk was found to increase three times when this period exceeded five hours. In the logistic regression analysis, while high socioeconomic level was found as the main determinant among the risk factors for obesity, the effects of daily screen time were found to be marginally significant (p<0.045).

CONCLUSION

The lifestyle of the families with high socioeconomic status is the main determinant of obesity in adolescents. Nutrition with higher calorie foods, more frequent media use and a more sedentary life brought about is an obesogenic environment created by a high socioeconomic status. Environmental risk factors for obesity should be assessed.

摘要

目的

如今，儿童肥胖被视为一个重要的健康问题，尤其是在发达国家。本研究旨在确定儿童肥胖的患病率，并揭示儿童看电视习惯、使用电脑情况与社会经济地位之间的关系。

方法

在伊斯坦布尔通过随机抽样选取11所公立学校进行横断面研究。共有1479名儿童（767名男性（51.9%））纳入研究。他们的年龄在10至15岁之间，女孩的平均年龄为11.95±1.36岁，男孩为12.06±1.39岁。通过结构化问卷形式询问人口统计学特征和影响肥胖的因素。测量学生的身高和体重，并计算他们的体重指数。体重指数高于第95百分位数的被视为肥胖，85至95百分位数之间的被视为超重。

结果

在研究组中，肥胖率计算为5.3%，轻度肥胖率为14.9%。超重和肥胖儿童的总患病率为20.2%。高社会经济水平组的肥胖发生率显著高于低社会经济水平组（p<0.01）。平均每日屏幕时间为3.74±1.58小时。当这段时间超过5小时时，肥胖风险增加三倍。在逻辑回归分析中，虽然高社会经济水平被发现是肥胖风险因素中的主要决定因素，但每日屏幕时间的影响被发现具有边际显著性（p<0.045）。