Centre d'Etudes et de Recherches en Psychopathologie et Psychologie de la Santé, Université de Toulouse-Jean Jaurès, UT2J, 5 allées Antonio Machado, 31058, Toulouse, France.
Eat Weight Disord. 2021 Aug;26(6):2011-2019. doi: 10.1007/s40519-020-01037-9. Epub 2020 Oct 28.
This study represents a first attempt to explore the typology of young adults from a large non-clinical sample based on orthorexic (ON), eating disordered (ED) and obsessive-compulsive behaviors (OCD).
921 individuals (Mage = 20.72, SD = 2.63), 84.6% women (n = 780) and 15.3% men (n = 141), completed a set of questionnaires assessing ON, ED, OCD behaviors and body image attitudes.
Cluster analysis based on ON, ED and OCD behaviors yielded four clearly distinct groups: a "Low" group that was below the sample mean for all behaviors, an "Orthorexic behaviors" group, an "Eating disordered behaviors" and an "Obsessive-compulsive behaviors" group with, respectively, mean scores on ON, ED and OCD behaviors that all were all above the sample means. Using ANOVA, these groups were compared regarding body image attitudes, self-reported BMI, age and educational level. Results show that all clusters differed from each other on virtually all variables. And compared with all other clusters, the "Orthorexic behaviors" cluster displayed greater scores in health and fitness-related aspects of body image. It also differed from the "Eating disordered behaviors" cluster, by its higher scores in appearance evaluation, body areas satisfaction and lower scores in self-classified weight.
This study demonstrates the existence of a distinct group of individuals with orthorexic behaviors and its positive body image attitudes and offers significant support for the possibility of ON being a distinct condition from ED and OCD.
Level V, descriptive study.
本研究首次尝试基于正常饮食（ON）、饮食障碍（ED）和强迫行为（OCD），从大型非临床样本中探索年轻人的类型学。
921 名个体（Mage=20.72，SD=2.63），84.6%为女性（n=780），15.3%为男性（n=141），完成了一组评估 ON、ED、OCD 行为和身体意象态度的问卷。
基于 ON、ED 和 OCD 行为的聚类分析产生了四个明显不同的群体：一个“低”组，所有行为的平均值均低于样本平均值，一个“ON 行为”组，一个“ED 行为”组和一个“OCD 行为”组，分别为 ON、ED 和 OCD 行为的平均值均高于样本平均值。使用方差分析，这些组在身体意象态度、自我报告的 BMI、年龄和教育水平方面进行了比较。结果表明，所有组在几乎所有变量上都彼此不同。与所有其他组相比，“ON 行为”组在身体意象的健康和健身相关方面表现出更高的分数。它还与“ED 行为”组不同，因为它在外观评价、身体部位满意度方面的得分更高，而自我分类体重方面的得分较低。
本研究证明了存在一组具有 ON 行为和积极身体意象态度的独特个体，并为 ON 可能与 ED 和 OCD 不同的独特疾病状态提供了有力支持。
V 级，描述性研究。
