Gmoshinski Ivan V, Shipelin Vladimir A, Shumakova Antonina A, Trushina Eleonora N, Mustafina Oksana K, Safenkova Irina V, Khotimchenko Sergey A, Nikityuk Dmitry B, Tutelyan Viktor A
Federal Research Centre of Nutrition and Biotechnology, Moscow 109240, Russia.
Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Moscow 115093, Russia.
Nanomaterials (Basel). 2020 Oct 26;10(11):2126. doi: 10.3390/nano10112126.
The experimental data on the oral toxicity of nanostructured amorphous silica (SiO), widely used in food supplements, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics, in terms of its in vivo effect on the immune system, are contradictory. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the rat's immune function after SiO oral administration. In the first experiment, SiO was daily orally administered to Wistar rats for 92 days in doses of 0.1, 1.0, 10, and 100 mg/kg of body weight (bw). In the second 28-day experiment, SiO in a dose of 100 mg/kg bw was daily orally administered to rats parenterally immunized with the food allergen ovalbumin (OVA) for the reproduction of systemic anaphylaxis reaction. Together with integral indices, we assessed intestinal permeability to protein macromolecules; hematology; CD45RA+, CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, and CD161a+ cells; cytokines TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10; and IgG to OVA. The results obtained showed that SiO has no effect on the severity of the anaphylactic reaction, but is capable inducing a toxic effect on the T-cell immune systems of rats. Estimated no observed adverse effect level NOAEL for SiO ranges up to 100 mg/kg bw in terms of its daily consumption for 1-3 months. Using SiO as a food additive should be the subject of regulation.
广泛应用于食品补充剂、药品和化妆品中的纳米结构无定形二氧化硅（SiO），就其对免疫系统的体内影响而言，关于其口服毒性的实验数据相互矛盾。因此，本研究旨在评估口服SiO后大鼠的免疫功能。在第一个实验中，以0.1、1.0、10和100mg/kg体重（bw）的剂量，每天给Wistar大鼠口服SiO，持续92天。在第二个为期28天的实验中，以100mg/kg bw的剂量，每天给经食物过敏原卵清蛋白（OVA）进行肠外免疫的大鼠口服SiO，以重现全身过敏反应。除了整体指标外，我们还评估了肠道对蛋白质大分子的通透性、血液学、CD45RA +、CD3 +、CD4 +、CD8 +和CD161a +细胞、细胞因子TNF-α、IL-6和IL-10以及针对OVA的IgG。所得结果表明，SiO对过敏反应的严重程度没有影响，但能够对大鼠的T细胞免疫系统产生毒性作用。就SiO连续1至3个月的每日摄入量而言，估计其未观察到有害作用水平（NOAEL）高达100mg/kg bw。将SiO用作食品添加剂应受到监管。
