Sherwani Subuhi, Khan Mohd Wajid Ali
Department of Biology, College of Sciences, University of Ha'il, Ha'il 2440, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, University of Ha'il, Ha'il 2440, Saudi Arabia.
J Inflamm Res. 2020 Oct 20;13:737-747. doi: 10.2147/JIR.S276091. eCollection 2020.
The last few months of 2019 witnessed the emergence, rise and rapid spread of a novel coronavirus known as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), causing an acute respiratory disease called coronavirus disease 2019 or Covid-19. Severe pathological manifestations of the disease in the infected population with comorbidities are linked to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), associated with an exaggerated synthesis and expression of cytokines, leading to a systemic inflammatory response also known as a cytokine storm (CS). Elderly patients (>60 years of age) showed more deaths in Covid-19 infection. Age-related immune imbalance increases patient susceptibility to CS. In acute Covid-19 infection, it is difficult to minimize or control the overproduction of cytokines; hence, limited medical treatments are effective. This review aims to provide an overview of the current knowledge of involvement of cytokines in SARS-CoV-2 infection, susceptibility factors for the accompanying cytokine storm in severe Covid-19 cases and possible treatment strategies.
2019年的最后几个月，一种名为严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）的新型冠状病毒出现、兴起并迅速传播，引发了一种名为2019冠状病毒病（Covid-19）的急性呼吸道疾病。在合并症感染人群中，该疾病的严重病理表现与急性呼吸窘迫综合征（ARDS）有关，这与细胞因子的过度合成和表达有关，导致一种也称为细胞因子风暴（CS）的全身炎症反应。老年患者（>60岁）在Covid-19感染中死亡人数更多。与年龄相关的免疫失衡增加了患者对细胞因子风暴的易感性。在急性Covid-19感染中，很难将细胞因子的过度产生降至最低或加以控制；因此，有效的药物治疗有限。本综述旨在概述细胞因子在SARS-CoV-2感染中的作用、重症Covid-19病例中伴随细胞因子风暴的易感因素以及可能的治疗策略的当前知识。
