Huynh Giao, Pham Duong Uyen Binh, Nguyen Truong Vien, Bui Vinh Quang, Nguyen Thi Ngoc Han, Nguyen Dang Dung, Pham Le An
Faculty of Public Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
Quality Assurance of Education, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
Risk Manag Healthc Policy. 2020 Oct 14;13:2149-2158. doi: 10.2147/RMHP.S276715. eCollection 2020.
Attitudes and beliefs could be associated with the low number of vaccinations in low- to middle-income countries such as Vietnam. This study aims to describe ways to develop and assess the attitudes towards Hepatitis B vaccination.
A mixed-method study was carried out between April 2015 and July 2017. Qualitative data were gathered via semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions. The data were then analyzed thematically into four domains of the Health Belief Model (HBM) in order to design the structured questionnaire. The quantitative strand was followed by the evaluation of the reliability and the construct validity, for which data were obtained after interviewing 768 parents whose children aged from 12 to 24 months, who were receiving the vaccines as part of the Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI) schedules at the Commune Health Centers.
The findings showed the content validity index value of 13 items ranged from 0.86 to 1.00. The factor analyses showed that 11 items remained in the final questionnaire after deleting 2 problematic items due to no relation to the total scales and revealed four factors (perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits, perceived barriers) that jointly accounted for 62.1% of the observed variances. All four factors have good internal consistency with a total Cronbach's alpha of 0.735. A confirmatory factor analysis demonstrated the proposed factor model which fits well in four domains of HBM.
Attitude scales for Hepatitis B vaccination based on HBM have been developed. This has confirmed to be a valid and reliable instrument that might be useful in assessing parents' attitudes regarding Hepatitis B vaccination and may be used to promote interventions within the increasing vaccination coverage for Vietnamese children.
在越南等低收入和中等收入国家，态度和观念可能与疫苗接种率低有关。本研究旨在描述开发和评估对乙肝疫苗接种态度的方法。
于2015年4月至2017年7月开展了一项混合方法研究。通过半结构化访谈和焦点小组讨论收集定性数据。然后将数据按照健康信念模型（HBM）的四个领域进行主题分析，以设计结构化问卷。在定量研究方面，对问卷的信度和结构效度进行了评估，数据来自对768名孩子年龄在12至24个月的家长的访谈，这些孩子在社区卫生中心按照扩大免疫规划（EPI）计划接种疫苗。
结果显示，13个条目的内容效度指数值在0.86至1.00之间。因子分析表明，由于与总量表无关，删除2个有问题的条目后，最终问卷保留了11个条目，并揭示了四个因子（感知易感性、感知严重性、感知益处、感知障碍），它们共同解释了62.1%的观测方差。所有四个因子都具有良好的内部一致性，总的克朗巴哈系数为0.735。验证性因子分析表明，所提出的因子模型在HBM的四个领域中拟合良好。
基于HBM的乙肝疫苗接种态度量表已开发出来。这已被证实是一种有效且可靠的工具，可能有助于评估家长对乙肝疫苗接种的态度，并可用于在提高越南儿童疫苗接种覆盖率方面促进干预措施。
