Dawson Bradley, Peterson Greg, Hrabik Thomas, Hoffman Joel
University of Minnesota Duluth, 1035 Kirby Drive, Swenson Science Building, Duluth MN 55812, United States.
US Environmental Protection Agency Great Lakes Toxicology and Ecology Division, 6201 Congdon Blvd., Duluth MN 55804, United States.
J Great Lakes Res. 2020 Oct 13;46(5):1358-1368. doi: 10.1016/j.jglr.2020.07.014.
The tubenose goby entered the Great Lakes in the 1990s via ballast water, but remains poorly studied within North America, making it difficult to predict its effects on native ecosystems. Dietary breadth and somatic growth rate have important ramifications for survival, competitiveness, and dispersal ability of a fish species, and thereby its ecological impact. We studied diet and growth of age-0 tubenose goby within the St. Louis River, a tributary to Lake Superior that contains the largest population within the Lake Superior basin. We sampled tubenose gobies from shallow, vegetated habitat during summer and fall. Stomach contents were identified and weighed to measure fullness and dietary breadth between seasons and several locations. We aged fish based on otolith daily increments to model somatic growth. Diet was dominated by isopods and amphipods, and dietary breadth was low and not significantly different between locations and seasons. Tubenose goby diet strongly overlapped with that of tadpole madtom (), a native, demersal species. We tested several candidate growth models; the Gompertz Growth Function was the most parsimonious model among those examined. The model demonstrates that tubenose goby obtains a small maximum size and is short-lived. We conclude that tubenose goby presents a unique risk to the Great Lakes and other freshwater bodies because their life history is typical of invasive species, their diet overlaps with native fish, and because they occupy shallow, vegetated habitat which functions as both nursery and foraging habitat for many native fishes.
管鼻虾虎鱼于20世纪90年代通过压舱水进入五大湖，但在北美地区仍未得到充分研究，因此难以预测其对当地生态系统的影响。食物宽度和体生长率对鱼类的生存、竞争力和扩散能力具有重要影响，进而影响其生态影响。我们研究了苏必利尔湖支流圣路易斯河中0龄管鼻虾虎鱼的饮食和生长情况，该支流包含苏必利尔湖流域内最大的种群。我们在夏季和秋季从浅水区、有植被的栖息地采集管鼻虾虎鱼样本。对胃内容物进行鉴定和称重，以测量不同季节和多个地点之间的饱满度和食物宽度。我们根据耳石每日生长增量对鱼进行年龄鉴定，以模拟体生长。其食物以等足类动物和端足类动物为主，食物宽度较低，不同地点和季节之间没有显著差异。管鼻虾虎鱼与当地底栖物种蝌蚪疯鲿（tadpole madtom）的食物有很大重叠。我们测试了几种候选生长模型；在研究的模型中，冈珀茨生长函数是最简约的模型。该模型表明管鼻虾虎鱼的最大体型较小且寿命较短。我们得出结论，管鼻虾虎鱼对五大湖和其他淡水水体构成独特风险，因为它们的生活史是入侵物种的典型特征，它们的食物与本地鱼类重叠，并且它们占据浅水区、有植被的栖息地，而这些栖息地是许多本地鱼类的育苗和觅食栖息地。
