University of Lodz, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Department of Ecology and Vertebrate Zoology, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Lodz, Poland.
University of Lodz, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Department of Ecology and Vertebrate Zoology, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Lodz, Poland; Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, Faculty of Fisheries, 48000 Menteşe, Muğla, Türkiye.
Sci Total Environ. 2021 Jan 1;750:142316. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142316. Epub 2020 Sep 12.
The western tubenose goby is one of the most wide-spread invasive fish species in European freshwaters, though information of its life-history in relation to its invasion success is limited. We compared the reproductive traits, growth rate and condition of three populations that differed in their stage of invasion in its expanding range in the River Vistula: core - the oldest population established at the centre of the invasive range; intermediate - long established by downstream dispersal from the core area but continuously supplemented by drifting specimens; front - new population at the edge of the invasive range, upstream from the core area. Pronounced differences in life-history traits were found between the 'core' and the 'front' populations. The 'front' population displayed high investment in reproduction and had heavier gonads, higher fecundity, higher batch fecundity though smaller eggs than the 'core' population. The 'core' population was characterized by the lowest fecundity, the largest eggs, the highest condition after spawning, and the highest maximum age of males. The 'intermediate' population was intermediate between the 'front' and the 'core' populations regarding reproductive traits, but showed the highest growth rates. The life-history traits that varied most among populations were gonad weight, fecundity, gonado-somatic index, condition and growth in the first years of life. Inter-individual variability of life-history traits was lower in the front of the invasive range than in the core and intermediate area. The observed plasticity in life-history appears to favour production of large numbers of offspring in newly-colonised areas in the initial stages of invasion and at the edge of the expanding range. In longer-established populations, at the core of invasive range, a strategy for greater competitiveness under intra-specific competition appears to be favoured.
西方管鼻鰕虎鱼是欧洲淡水水域最广泛分布的入侵鱼类之一，尽管有关其生活史与入侵成功相关的信息有限。我们比较了三个种群的生殖特征、生长率和状况，这三个种群在维斯瓦河（River Vistula）的扩张范围内的入侵阶段不同：核心区——最古老的种群，位于入侵范围的中心；中间区——从核心区向下游扩散并长期建立，但不断有漂流标本补充；前沿区——新种群，位于入侵范围的边缘，在核心区的上游。在“核心”和“前沿”种群之间发现了明显的生活史特征差异。“前沿”种群在繁殖方面投入较高，性腺较重，繁殖力较高，产卵量较高，尽管卵较小，但比“核心”种群产卵量高。“核心”种群的特征是产卵量最低，卵最大，产卵后状态最高，雄性最大年龄最高。“中间”种群在生殖特征方面介于“前沿”和“核心”种群之间，但生长率最高。在生活史特征中，种群之间变化最大的是性腺重量、繁殖力、性腺-体指数、状态和第一年的生长。在入侵范围的前沿，个体间的生活史特征变异性低于核心区和中间区。观察到的生活史可塑性似乎有利于在入侵的初始阶段和扩张范围的边缘地区新殖民化地区大量繁殖后代。在较长时间建立的种群中，在入侵范围的核心区，一种在种内竞争下更具竞争力的策略似乎更受欢迎。
