三级眼科护理中心中埃塞俄比亚人的青光眼认知与知识水平
Glaucoma Awareness and Knowledge Among Ethiopians in a Tertiary Eye Care Center.
作者信息
Heisel Curtis J, Fashe Cherinet M, Garza Philip S, Gessesse Girum W, Nelson Christine C, Tamrat Lemlem, Abuzaitoun Rebhi, Lawrence Scott D
机构信息
University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
St. Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
出版信息
Ophthalmol Ther. 2021 Mar;10(1):39-50. doi: 10.1007/s40123-020-00314-1. Epub 2020 Oct 29.
INTRODUCTION
Glaucoma outcomes are closely associated with patients' awareness of the disease. However, little is known about glaucoma awareness and knowledge in Addis Ababa, a densely populated and ethnolinguistically diverse capital city in Ethiopia, the second largest country in Africa.
METHODS
We performed a cross-sectional survey in the ophthalmology waiting room at St. Paul's Hospital, a tertiary care center in Addis Ababa. Respondents included patients, patient family members, and non-clinical staff. Participants were asked if they had read or heard about glaucoma to gauge basic awareness of the disease; those with awareness were asked to take a quiz to measure their objective glaucoma knowledge. We performed multivariable regression to identify factors associated with glaucoma awareness, quiz performance, and self-rated ability to use eye drops.
RESULTS
Of 298 respondents, 145 (48.7%) were female, and the average age was 44.9 ± 17.2 years. A majority (167; 56.0%) had primary school or less than primary school education. Only 131 (44.0%) had basic glaucoma awareness. Of these, 95 (72.5%) knew that glaucoma causes permanent vision loss, 103 (78.6%) knew glaucoma is often asymptomatic in early stages, 62 (47.3%) identified elevated intraocular pressure as a glaucoma risk factor, and 124 (94.7%) knew glaucoma was treatable. A majority of this subset (126; 96.2%) said they would be willing to use medicated eye drops, and 130 (99.2%) indicated a willingness to undergo surgery if recommended. Education level was independently associated with glaucoma awareness (p < 0.001) and glaucoma quiz performance (p = 0.03).
CONCLUSION
In a population sample from an ophthalmology waiting room in Addis Ababa, glaucoma awareness was poor and most strongly associated with education level. Educational interventions at public health and provider-patient levels are warranted. Our results suggest high receptiveness to both medical and surgical treatment.
引言
青光眼的治疗效果与患者对该疾病的认知密切相关。然而，在埃塞俄比亚（非洲第二大国）人口密集且民族语言多样的首都亚的斯亚贝巴，人们对青光眼的认知和了解却知之甚少。
方法
我们在亚的斯亚贝巴的一家三级护理中心圣保罗医院的眼科候诊室进行了一项横断面调查。受访者包括患者、患者家属和非临床工作人员。询问参与者是否读过或听说过青光眼，以评估他们对该疾病的基本认知；对有认知的人进行测验，以测量他们客观的青光眼知识。我们进行多变量回归分析，以确定与青光眼认知、测验表现以及自我评估使用眼药水能力相关的因素。
结果
298名受访者中，145名（48.7%）为女性，平均年龄为44.9±17.2岁。大多数人（167名；56.0%）接受过小学或小学以下教育。只有131人（44.0%）有青光眼的基本认知。其中，95人（72.5%）知道青光眼会导致永久性视力丧失，103人（78.6%）知道青光眼在早期通常无症状，62人（47.3%）认为眼压升高是青光眼的一个危险因素，124人（94.7%）知道青光眼是可治疗的。这一子集中的大多数人（126人；96.2%）表示愿意使用眼药水，130人（99.2%）表示如果被建议愿意接受手术。教育水平与青光眼认知（p<0.001）和青光眼测验表现（p=0.03）独立相关。
结论
在亚的斯亚贝巴一家眼科候诊室的人群样本中，青光眼认知水平较低，且与教育水平密切相关。有必要在公共卫生和医患层面开展教育干预。我们的结果表明人们对药物治疗和手术治疗接受度较高。
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