Institute for Exercise and Environmental Medicine, Texas Health Presbyterian Hospital Dallas and University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas.
Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia.
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2021 Jan 1;320(1):H159-H168. doi: 10.1152/ajpheart.00427.2020. Epub 2020 Oct 30.
Strenuous exercise elicits transient functional and biochemical cardiac imbalances. Yet, the extent to which these responses are altered owing to aging is unclear. Accordingly, echocardiograph-derived left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) global longitudinal strain (GLS) and high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I (hs-cTnI) were assessed before (pre) and after (post) a 60-min high-intensity cycling race intervention (CRIT) in 11 young (18-30 yr) and 11 middle-aged (40-65 yr) highly trained male cyclists, matched for cardiorespiratory fitness. LV and RV GLS were measured at rest and during a semirecumbent exercise challenge performed at the same intensity (young: 93 ± 10; middle-aged: 85 ± 11 W, = 0.60) pre- and post-CRIT. Augmentation (change from rest-to-exercise challenge) of LV GLS (pre: -2.97 ± 0.65; post: -0.82 ± 0.48%, = 0.02) and RV GLS (pre: -2.08 ± 1.28; post: 3.08 ± 2.02%, = 0.01) was attenuated and completely abolished, in the young following CRIT, while augmentation of LV GLS (pre: -3.21 ± 0.41; post: -3.99 ± 0.55%, = 0.22) and RV GLS (pre: -3.47 ± 1.44; post: -1.26 ± 1.00%, = 0.27) was preserved in middle-aged following CRIT. While serum hs-cTnI concentration increased followingCRIT in the young (pre: 7.3 ± 1.6; post: 17.7 ± 1.6 ng/L, < 0.01) and middle-aged (pre: 4.5 ± 0.6; post: 10.7 ± 2.0 ng/L, < 0.01), serum hs-cTnI concentration increased to a greater extent in the young than in the middle-aged following CRIT ( < 0.01). These findings suggest that functional and biochemical cardiac perturbations induced by high-intensity exercise are attenuated in middle-aged relative to young individuals. Further study is warranted to determine whether acute exercise-induced cardiac perturbations alter the adaptive myocardial remodeling response. High-intensity endurance exercise elicits acute cardiac imbalances that may be an important stimulus for adaptive cardiac remodeling. This study highlights that following a bout of high-intensity exercise that is typical of routine day-to-day cycling training, exercise-induced autonomic, biochemical, and functional cardiac imbalances are attenuated in middle-aged relative to young well-trained cyclists. These findings suggest that aging may alter exercise-induced stress stimulus response that initiates cardiac remodeling in athlete's heart.
剧烈运动引起短暂的心脏功能和生化失衡。然而，由于衰老，这些反应的改变程度尚不清楚。因此，在 11 名年轻（18-30 岁）和 11 名中年（40-65 岁）高训练水平男性自行车运动员进行 60 分钟高强度自行车竞赛干预（CRIT）前后，评估了超声心动图衍生的左心室（LV）和右心室（RV）整体纵向应变（GLS）和高敏心肌肌钙蛋白 I（hs-cTnI）。在进行相同强度的半卧位运动挑战时（年轻人：93±10；中年人：85±11 W， = 0.60），在 CRIT 前后测量了 LV 和 RV GLS 的静息和运动挑战时的变化。在年轻人中，LV GLS（前：-2.97±0.65；后：-0.82±0.48%， = 0.02）和 RV GLS（前：-2.08±1.28；后：3.08±2.02%， = 0.01）的增强（从休息到运动挑战的变化）减弱并完全消失，而 LV GLS（前：-3.21±0.41；后：-3.99±0.55%， = 0.22）和 RV GLS（前：-3.47±1.44；后：-1.26±1.00%， = 0.27）的增强在中年后 CRIT 中得到保留。在年轻人中，血清 hs-cTnI 浓度在 CRIT 后升高（前：7.3±1.6；后：17.7±1.6 ng/L， < 0.01），在中年人中也升高（前：4.5±0.6；后：10.7±2.0 ng/L， < 0.01），但在年轻人中升高的程度大于中年人（ < 0.01）。这些发现表明，与年轻人相比，中年人高强度运动引起的心脏功能和生化紊乱减弱。需要进一步研究以确定急性运动引起的心脏紊乱是否会改变适应性心肌重塑反应。高强度耐力运动引起急性心脏失衡，可能是适应性心肌重塑的重要刺激。本研究强调，在进行典型的日常骑自行车训练的高强度运动后，与年轻的训练有素的自行车运动员相比，中年人的运动诱导的自主神经、生化和功能心脏失衡减弱。这些发现表明，衰老可能会改变运动引起的应激刺激反应，从而引发运动员心脏的心肌重塑。
