Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, U.K.
School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, U.K.
Biochem Soc Trans. 2020 Oct 30;48(5):2335-2345. doi: 10.1042/BST20200717.
Extracellular vesicles (EV) are implicated in a variety of functions affecting the extracellular matrix (ECM), including matrix degradation, cross-linking of matrix proteins and matrix calcification. These processes are important in many physiological contexts such as angiogenesis and wound healing, and dysregulation of ECM homeostasis contributes to a wide range of diseases including fibrosis, cancer and arthritis. Most studies of EV have focussed on their roles in cell:cell communication, but EV can exist as integral components of the ECM. By far the most well-characterised ECM-resident EV are matrix vesicles (MV) in bone, but the broader role of EV in the ECM is not well understood. This review will explore what is known of the roles of EV in the ECM and will also highlight the similarities and differences between MV and other EV.
细胞外囊泡 (EV) 在多种功能中发挥作用，影响细胞外基质 (ECM)，包括基质降解、基质蛋白交联和基质钙化。这些过程在许多生理情况下很重要，如血管生成和伤口愈合，而 ECM 动态平衡的失调导致广泛的疾病，包括纤维化、癌症和关节炎。大多数关于 EV 的研究都集中在它们在细胞间通讯中的作用，但 EV 可以作为 ECM 的组成部分存在。到目前为止，最具特征性的 ECM 驻留 EV 是骨中的基质囊泡 (MV)，但 EV 在 ECM 中的更广泛作用尚不清楚。这篇综述将探讨已知的 EV 在 ECM 中的作用，并强调 MV 和其他 EV 之间的相似性和差异。
