Choi Minjae, Ki Myung, Yip Paul S F, Park Jungyoun, Song Areum, Lee Weon Young, Paik Jong-Woo, Lim Jiseun
Department of Public Health, Korea University.
Department of Preventive Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Medicine (Baltimore). 2020 Oct 30;99(44):e22905. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000022905.
Coupled with the lowest level of social connectedness, South Korea has the highest suicide rate among the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development countries. A possible link between community and suicide is social capital imprinted in social connectedness. This study explores whether social capital is protective against suicide ideation in relation to the poverty level of communities, and whether the associations are specific to certain elements of social capital.A total of 908 participants were included to assess cross-sectional association of social capital at individual level with suicide ideation by comparing between poor (government-leased apartments) and non-poor communities (nongovernment-leased apartments). Logistic regression analyses were performed to examine various social capital dimensions in relation to suicide ideation.Suicide ideation was far higher among those living in the poor communities (poor communities 12%; non poor communities 6.3%) and the level of social capital was lower in the poor communities. Nevertheless, the protective effect of social capital, in particular, the cognitive dimension against suicide ideation was demonstrated only in the poor communities (eg, odds ratio = 0.27, 95% confidence interval: 0.12-0.58 for trust in the poor communities). Low income was significantly associated with suicide ideation only in the poor communities, but depression and resilience were associated with suicide ideation both in the poor and non-poor communities.To increase the reliability of the results, established measures based on relevant literature were utilized, but measures on bridging social capital and social network might have relatively low reliability.As to protection against suicide ideation, the extent of reliance on social capital was higher in poor communities than in non-poor communities, in particular, the cognitive dimension was likely to activate in this regard.
韩国的社会联系程度处于最低水平，在经济合作与发展组织国家中自杀率最高。社区与自杀之间可能存在的联系是社会联系中所蕴含的社会资本。本研究探讨社会资本在社区贫困水平方面是否对自杀意念具有保护作用，以及这些关联是否特定于社会资本的某些要素。总共纳入了908名参与者，通过比较贫困社区（政府出租公寓）和非贫困社区（非政府出租公寓）来评估个体层面社会资本与自杀意念的横断面关联。进行逻辑回归分析以检验与自杀意念相关的各种社会资本维度。生活在贫困社区的人群中自杀意念要高得多（贫困社区为12%；非贫困社区为6.3%），且贫困社区的社会资本水平较低。然而，社会资本的保护作用，尤其是认知维度对自杀意念的保护作用仅在贫困社区得到证实（例如，贫困社区中信任的优势比=0.27，95%置信区间：0.12 - 0.58）。低收入仅在贫困社区与自杀意念显著相关，但抑郁和心理韧性在贫困社区和非贫困社区都与自杀意念相关。为提高结果的可靠性，采用了基于相关文献的既定测量方法，但关于桥接社会资本和社会网络的测量方法可能可靠性相对较低。在预防自杀意念方面，贫困社区对社会资本的依赖程度高于非贫困社区，特别是在这方面认知维度可能会发挥作用。
