Laboratory of Endocrinology, Biomedical Research Center (CINBIO), University of Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain.
Laboratory of Neuroscience, Biomedical Research Center (CINBIO), University of Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain.
Nutrients. 2020 Oct 28;12(11):3304. doi: 10.3390/nu12113304.
Glucagon like-peptide 1 (GLP-1) within the brain is produced by a population of preproglucagon neurons located in the caudal nucleus of the solitary tract. These neurons project to the hypothalamus and another forebrain, hindbrain, and mesolimbic brain areas control the autonomic function, feeding, and the motivation to feed or regulate the stress response and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. GLP-1 receptor (GLP-1R) controls both food intake and feeding behavior (hunger-driven feeding, the hedonic value of food, and food motivation). The activation of GLP-1 receptors involves second messenger pathways and ionic events in the autonomic nervous system, which are very relevant to explain the essential central actions of GLP-1 as neuromodulator coordinating food intake in response to a physiological and stress-related stimulus to maintain homeostasis. Alterations in GLP-1 signaling associated with obesity or chronic stress induce the dysregulation of eating behavior. This review summarized the experimental shreds of evidence from studies using GLP-1R agonists to describe the neural and endocrine integration of stress responses and feeding behavior.
脑内的胰高血糖素样肽 1 (GLP-1) 由位于孤束核尾部的前胰高血糖素原神经元产生。这些神经元投射到下丘脑和另一个前脑、后脑和中脑边缘脑区，控制自主功能、摄食以及摄食的动机或调节应激反应和下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴。GLP-1 受体 (GLP-1R) 控制食物摄入和摄食行为（饥饿驱动的摄食、食物的享乐价值和食物动机）。GLP-1 受体的激活涉及自主神经系统中的第二信使途径和离子事件，这对于解释 GLP-1 作为神经调质的基本中枢作用非常重要，它协调食物摄入以响应生理和应激相关刺激，以维持体内平衡。与肥胖或慢性应激相关的 GLP-1 信号改变会导致进食行为失调。本综述总结了使用 GLP-1R 激动剂进行的研究中的实验性证据片段，以描述应激反应和摄食行为的神经内分泌整合。
