提供药品丢弃袋对家庭处理儿童未使用的阿片类药物的影响。
Effect of drug disposal bag provision on families' disposal of children's unused opioids.
出版信息
J Am Pharm Assoc (2003). 2021 Jan-Feb;61(1):109-114.e2. doi: 10.1016/j.japh.2020.10.002. Epub 2020 Oct 27.
OBJECTIVE
One strategy to combat opioid misuse is to remove excess opioids from circulation by providing patients with drug disposal products that enable the safe disposal of opioids. We aimed to evaluate opioid use and disposal of unused opioids among children and young adults before and after pharmacy staff at our institution began to provide patients and families filling opioid prescriptions with a drug disposal bag.
METHODS
We performed a prospective pre-post cohort study of patients who filled an opioid prescription in May-August 2019 at the outpatient pharmacies of a large tertiary children's hospital. Patients and caregivers were enrolled at the time the opioids were dispensed. During the first half of the study period, standard opioid-related education was offered by pharmacy staff. During the second half of the study period, standard education was offered, and a drug disposal bag and instructions on its use were provided when the opioids were dispensed. A follow-up survey to assess opioid use and disposal was completed online or by telephone 4-7 weeks after the opioids were dispensed.
RESULTS
A total of 215 participants were enrolled; 117 received a drug disposal bag and 98 did not. Of those, 68% of the participants completed a follow-up survey. In both groups, the median patient age was 11 years, and most patients had been prescribed opioids after a procedure. More than 70% had opioids leftover after they had stopped taking them, and this did not vary by group. However, among families with leftover opioids, the receipt of a drug disposal bag was associated with a higher likelihood of disposal of the unused opioids (71.7% vs. 52.1%, P = 0.04).
CONCLUSION
Providing a drug disposal bag to families of children receiving opioids increases the likelihood of excess opioid disposal. Greater availability of drug disposal products can complement prescribing reduction efforts aimed at decreasing prescription opioid misuse.
目的
消除循环中多余的阿片类药物是对抗阿片类药物滥用的策略之一，为此我们为患者提供药物处置产品，使他们能够安全地处置阿片类药物。本研究旨在评估我院药剂科工作人员为开具阿片类药物处方的患者及其家属提供药物处置袋前后，儿童和青年患者使用阿片类药物和处置未使用阿片类药物的情况。
方法
我们对一家大型三级儿童医院门诊药房 2019 年 5 月至 8 月期间开具阿片类药物处方的患者进行了前瞻性队列研究。在分发阿片类药物时，招募患者及其照护者。在研究的前半段，药剂科工作人员提供标准的阿片类药物相关教育。在后半段研究期间，除提供标准教育外，还在分发阿片类药物时提供药物处置袋和使用说明。在分发阿片类药物 4-7 周后，患者在线或通过电话完成一项评估阿片类药物使用和处置情况的随访调查。
结果
共纳入 215 名参与者，其中 117 名患者收到药物处置袋，98 名患者未收到。在收到药物处置袋的 117 名患者中，有 68%完成了随访调查。两组患者的中位年龄均为 11 岁，大多数患者在手术后开具了阿片类药物。超过 70%的患者在停止服用阿片类药物后仍有剩余，且两组之间没有差异。然而，在有剩余阿片类药物的家庭中，收到药物处置袋与更有可能处置未使用的阿片类药物相关（71.7% vs. 52.1%，P=0.04）。
结论
为接受阿片类药物治疗的儿童的家庭提供药物处置袋可提高过量阿片类药物处置的可能性。更多药物处置产品的可获得性可以补充旨在减少处方阿片类药物滥用的处方减少努力。
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