Institute of Biochemical Plant Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.
J Exp Bot. 2021 Feb 11;72(3):808-818. doi: 10.1093/jxb/eraa404.
Nitric oxide (NO) is involved in a vast number of physiologically important processes in plants, such as organ development, stress resistance, and immunity. Transduction of NO bioactivity is generally achieved by post-translational modification of proteins, with S-nitrosation of cysteine residues as the predominant form. While traditionally the subcellular location of the factors involved was of lesser importance, recent studies identified the connection between NO and transcriptional activity and thereby raised the question about the route of NO into the nuclear sphere. Identification of NO-affected transcription factors and chromatin-modifying histone deacetylases implicated the important role of NO signaling in the plant nucleus as a regulator of epigenetic mechanisms and gene transcription. Here, we discuss the relationship between NO and its directly regulated protein targets in the nuclear environment, focusing on S-nitrosated chromatin modulators and transcription factors.
一氧化氮（NO）参与植物中大量生理重要过程，如器官发育、应激抗性和免疫。NO 生物活性的转导通常通过蛋白质的翻译后修饰来实现，其中半胱氨酸残基的 S-亚硝基化是主要形式。虽然传统上涉及的因素的亚细胞位置不太重要，但最近的研究确定了 NO 与转录活性之间的联系，从而提出了关于 NO 进入核领域的途径的问题。NO 影响的转录因子和染色质修饰组蛋白去乙酰化酶的鉴定表明，NO 信号在植物核中作为表观遗传机制和基因转录的调节剂的重要作用。在这里，我们讨论了 NO 与其在核环境中的直接调节蛋白靶标之间的关系，重点是 S-亚硝基化的染色质调节剂和转录因子。
