Food and Nutritional Sciences, Department of Family and Consumer Sciences, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, Greensboro, North Carolina, USA.
Applied Science and Technology, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, Greensboro, North Carolina, USA.
J Nutr Biochem. 2021 Feb;88:108532. doi: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2020.108532. Epub 2020 Oct 29.
Activating nonshivering thermogenesis in brown adipose tissue (BAT) is a promising strategy to prevent obesity. This study investigated whether quercetin supplementation improves obesity in mice by increasing nonshivering thermogenesis in BAT and white adipose tissue (WAT) browning. Compared to high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice, mice fed a HFD supplemented with 1% quercetin (HFDQ) had reduced body weight and total plasma cholesterol. In HFDQ-fed mice, retroperitoneal WAT (RWAT) weight was decreased, and browning effect and lipolysis were increased. HFDQ-fed mice had increased expression of nonshivering thermogenesis genes in BAT, including uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator 1α (PGC1α), cell death-inducing DFFA-like effector A (CIDEA), and mitochondrial transcriptional factor A (mtTFA). Quercetin supplementation increased genes and proteins in β-adrenergic receptor (ADRB3), p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathways in HFD-fed mice, which were suppressed by an AMPK inhibitor or an ADRB3 antagonist. Energy expenditure and core body temperature were not changed by quercetin, but physical activity was increased in HFDQ mice during dark periods at room and cold temperatures. Quercetin also decreased the Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes ratio and increased short-chain fatty acid production in the feces of HFD-fed mice. In summary, quercetin supplementation in HFD-fed mice may attenuate obesity. Although the study did not show consistency in data at molecular and pathophysiological levels between BAT function and obesity, it also shows promising health effects of quercetin, accompanied by improved physical activity and gut microbiota dysbiosis.
激活棕色脂肪组织（BAT）的非颤抖产热是预防肥胖的一种有前途的策略。本研究探讨了槲皮素补充是否通过增加 BAT 和白色脂肪组织（WAT）褐变中的非颤抖产热来改善肥胖。与高脂肪饮食（HFD）喂养的小鼠相比，喂食补充 1%槲皮素的 HFD（HFDQ）的小鼠体重和总血浆胆固醇降低。在 HFDQ 喂养的小鼠中，腹膜后 WAT（RWAT）重量减少，褐变效应和脂肪分解增加。HFDQ 喂养的小鼠的 BAT 中非颤抖产热基因的表达增加，包括解偶联蛋白 1（UCP1）、过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ共激活因子 1α（PGC1α）、细胞死亡诱导 DFFA 样效应物 A（CIDEA）和线粒体转录因子 A（mtTFA）。槲皮素补充增加了 HFD 喂养小鼠中β-肾上腺素能受体（ADRB3）、p38 丝裂原激活蛋白激酶（MAPK）和 AMP 激活蛋白激酶（AMPK）途径的基因和蛋白，这些途径被 AMPK 抑制剂或 ADRB3 拮抗剂抑制。槲皮素不会改变能量消耗和核心体温，但 HFDQ 小鼠在黑暗时期在室温和寒冷温度下的身体活动增加。槲皮素还降低了高脂肪饮食喂养小鼠粪便中的厚壁菌门到拟杆菌门的比例，并增加了短链脂肪酸的产生。综上所述，槲皮素补充可能会减轻 HFD 喂养小鼠的肥胖。尽管该研究在 BAT 功能和肥胖的分子和病理生理水平之间没有显示出数据的一致性，但它也显示了槲皮素的有希望的健康影响，同时伴随着身体活动的增加和肠道微生物群失调。
