Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution, Mental Health Research Center, Moscow, Russian Federation,
Federal State Budgetary Institution of Higher Education, Moscow State University of Psychology and Education, Moscow, Russian Federation,
Neuropsychobiology. 2021;80(2):176-184. doi: 10.1159/000511108. Epub 2020 Oct 30.
Psychiatric disorders are often linked to dysfunctions within neurotransmitter systems, and the same systems play a role in healthy temperaments. Development of a common bio-behavioural taxonomy based on functionality of neurotransmitter systems suggests examining temperament profiles in patients with various psychiatric disorders.
(1) To investigate temperament profiles in two age groups of children with delusional disorders; (2) to investigate temperament profiles in adolescents with mood disorders; (3) to investigate temperament profiles in in vitro fertilisation (IVF) children.
Sample: in total 171 participants (M/F = 91/80), healthy children and teenagers (volunteers); two age groups of children with psychotic disorders; teens with mood disorders (clients of the Federal Mental Health Center) and healthy IVF. Parents of participants completed a test based on the neurochemical model Functional Ensemble of Temperament (FET).
(1) Both age groups of children with psychotic disorders had significantly lower scores on the scales of physical endurance, tempo, plasticity, and self-satisfaction, in comparison to healthy controls; the psychotic group aged 5-11 had also lower scores on the impulsivity scale, whereas the psychotic group 12-17 had lower scores on the social endurance and social tempo scales and higher neuroticism. (2) Teens with mood disorders had lower scores on the self-confidence-satisfaction scale and higher scores on the impulsivity scale, in comparison to controls. (3) No difference between IVF and naturally conceived children were found. The results show the benefits of using the FET framework for structuring the correspondence between psychiatric disorders and temperament as it differentiates between social versus physical aspects of behaviour and orientational versus executive aspects.
精神障碍通常与神经递质系统的功能障碍有关，而同一系统在健康气质中也起着作用。基于神经递质系统功能建立共同的生物行为分类学的发展，提示我们在各种精神障碍患者中检查气质特征。
（1）研究妄想障碍儿童两个年龄组的气质特征；（2）研究心境障碍青少年的气质特征；（3）研究体外受精（IVF）儿童的气质特征。
样本：共 171 名参与者（M/F=91/80），健康儿童和青少年（志愿者）；两组精神病儿童；有心境障碍的青少年（联邦心理健康中心的患者）和健康的 IVF。参与者的父母完成了基于神经化学模型功能气质综合（FET）的测试。
（1）与健康对照组相比，两组精神病儿童的身体耐力、节奏、可塑性和自我满意度评分均显著降低；5-11 岁的精神病组冲动性评分也较低，而 12-17 岁的精神病组社会耐力和社会节奏评分较低，神经质评分较高。（2）与对照组相比，有心境障碍的青少年在自信心满意度评分较低，而冲动性评分较高。（3）未发现 IVF 与自然受孕儿童之间的差异。结果表明，使用 FET 框架来构建精神病与气质之间的对应关系具有优势，因为它区分了行为的社会与身体方面以及定向与执行方面。
