Nazaryan Rozana, Kryvenko Liudmyla, Zakut Yara, Karnaukh Olena, Gargin Vitaliy
Kharkiv National Medical University, Ukraine.
Pol Merkur Lekarski. 2020 Oct 23;48(287):327-330.
It is known that every day 2,500 children under the age of 18 try their first cigarette, and more than 400 of them become new, regular smokers, and half of them will die from this addiction in the future.
The aim of the study is to determine changes in the indices of dental status in adolescents with tobacco smoking.
The study involved 54 adolescents aged 12 to 18 years. They were divided into the main group of 25 adolescents with a smoking experience of 1 to 3 years, and a control group of 29 adolescents who were physically healthy at the time of the study and had never smoked. During their visit to dentist for a preventive examination such indexes were investigated as simplified Oral Hygiene Index (OHI-S) (Greene-Vermillion), papillary-marginal-alveolar index (PMA), Fedorov-Volodkina index, caries severity index, index of the need for treatment of periodontal disease and biophysical methods of oral fluid research: rate of salivation, elasticity, pH of oral fluid.
The changes in dental status identified in the study in adolescents with addiction to smoking indicated certain aspects of the risk of developing dental diseases in this group of patients with prevalence of periodontal inflammation. The most vulnerable, with a short history of smoking, were periodontal tissues. It could indicate the direct effect of tobacco smoke on the microcirculation of the gums.
Smoking is a risk factor for periodontal health in adolescents. The periodontal inflammation of various severities was established in children and adolescents aged 12-18 years old. Evaluation of oral health indices has been estimated from 0.79 ± 0.19 to 1.9 ± 0.05 (p<0.05) for Greene-Vermilion, from 1.5 ± 0.41 to 2.5 ± 0.59 (p<0.05) for Fedorov-Volodkina, from 12.0± 2.06% to 36.0 ± 2.04% to for PMA (p<0.05) as result of adolescent smoking. Simultaneously we didn't estimate significant difference for caries severity in investigated groups.
众所周知，每天有2500名18岁以下儿童尝试吸第一支烟，其中400多人成为新的经常吸烟者，而他们中有一半人将来会死于这种成瘾行为。
本研究的目的是确定吸烟青少年的牙齿状况指标变化。
该研究纳入了54名12至18岁的青少年。他们被分为主要组，即25名有1至3年吸烟经历的青少年，以及对照组，即29名在研究时身体健康且从未吸烟的青少年。在他们去牙医处进行预防性检查期间，调查了以下指标：简化口腔卫生指数（OHI-S）（格林-弗米利恩）、乳头-边缘-牙槽指数（PMA）、费多罗夫-沃洛金娜指数、龋齿严重程度指数、牙周疾病治疗需求指数以及口腔液体研究的生物物理方法：唾液分泌率、弹性、口腔液体pH值。
该研究中确定的吸烟成瘾青少年牙齿状况变化表明，在这组患有牙周炎症的患者中，患牙病风险存在某些方面。吸烟史较短时，最易受影响的是牙周组织。这可能表明烟草烟雾对牙龈微循环有直接影响。
吸烟是青少年牙周健康的一个风险因素。在12至18岁的儿童和青少年中发现了不同严重程度的牙周炎症。格林-弗米利恩指数的口腔健康指标评估从0.79±0.19到1.9±0.05（p<0.05），费多罗夫-沃洛金娜指数从1.5±0.41到2.5±0.59（p<0.05），PMA从12.0±2.06%到36.0±2.04%（p<0.05），这是青少年吸烟的结果。同时，我们未评估所调查组中龋齿严重程度的显著差异。
