Luo Jing, Derringer Jaime, Briley Daniel A, Roberts Brent W
Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL USA.
Eur J Pers. 2017 Dec 14;31(6):614-629. doi: 10.1002/per.2127. Epub 2017 Oct 3.
The present study examined the genetic and environmental etiology underlying the Big Five personality traits and perceived stress, concurrently and longitudinally. In study 1, we used the twin sample from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health IV) data. The results indicated that about 70% of the association between the Big Five personality traits and perceived stress was due to genetic influences. In study 2, we used the twin sample from the Midlife in the United States Survey (MIDUS I and II) to examine the genetic and environmental influences underlying the longitudinal relations between the Big Five personality traits and perceived stress. The results suggested that continuity in perceived stress was primarily accounted for by genetic influences, and changes in perceived stress were mainly due to nonshared environmental influences. The continuity in the association between the five personality traits and perceived stress was largely accounted for by genetic factors, and nonshared environmental factors made greater contributions to changes in the association between personality traits and perceived stress. Among the Big Five personality traits, the genetic components in conscientiousness and neuroticism made substantial contributions to the genetic link between personality traits and perceived stress across both studies.
本研究同时从横向和纵向考察了大五人格特质和感知压力背后的遗传和环境病因。在研究1中，我们使用了来自青少年到成人健康全国纵向研究（Add Health IV）数据中的双胞胎样本。结果表明，大五人格特质与感知压力之间约70%的关联是由遗传影响所致。在研究2中，我们使用了来自美国中年调查（MIDUS I和II）的双胞胎样本，以考察大五人格特质与感知压力之间纵向关系背后的遗传和环境影响。结果表明，感知压力的连续性主要由遗传影响所解释，而感知压力的变化主要归因于非共享环境影响。五大人格特质与感知压力之间关联的连续性在很大程度上由遗传因素所解释，而非共享环境因素对人格特质与感知压力之间关联的变化贡献更大。在大五人格特质中，尽责性和神经质的遗传成分在两项研究中对人格特质与感知压力之间的遗传联系都有显著贡献。
