Tymofiyeva Olga, Yuan Justin P, Kidambi Roma, Huang Chiung-Yu, Henje Eva, Rubinstein Mark L, Jariwala Namasvi, Max Jeffrey E, Yang Tony T, Xu Duan
Department of Radiology & Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States.
Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States.
Front Hum Neurosci. 2020 Oct 7;14:564629. doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2020.564629. eCollection 2020.
Increases in depressive and suicide-related symptoms among United States adolescents have been recently linked to increased use of smartphones. Understanding of the brain mechanisms that underlie the potential smartphone dependence may help develop interventions to address this important problem. In this exploratory study, we investigated the neural mechanisms underlying potential smartphone dependence in a sample of 19 adolescent volunteers who completed self-assessments of their smartphone dependence, depressive symptoms, and sleep problems. All 19 adolescents underwent diffusion MRI that allowed for assessment of white matter structural connectivity within the framework of connectomics. Based on previous literature on the neurobiology of addiction, we hypothesized a disruption of network centrality of three nodes in the mesolimbic network: Nucleus Accumbens, anterior cingulate cortex, and amygdala. Our results showed positive correlations between the node centrality of the right amygdala and self-reported smartphone dependence, between smartphone dependence and sleep problems, and between sleep problems and depressive symptoms. A higher phone dependence was observed in females compared to males. Supported by these results, we propose a model of how smartphone dependence can be linked to aberrations in brain networks, sex, sleep disturbances, and depression in adolescents.
美国青少年中抑郁和自杀相关症状的增加最近与智能手机使用的增加有关。了解潜在的智能手机依赖背后的大脑机制可能有助于开发干预措施来解决这一重要问题。在这项探索性研究中，我们调查了19名青少年志愿者样本中潜在智能手机依赖背后的神经机制，这些志愿者完成了对他们智能手机依赖、抑郁症状和睡眠问题的自我评估。所有19名青少年都接受了扩散磁共振成像，这使得在连接组学框架内评估白质结构连接成为可能。基于先前关于成瘾神经生物学的文献，我们假设中脑边缘网络中三个节点的网络中心性受到破坏：伏隔核、前扣带回皮质和杏仁核。我们的结果显示，右侧杏仁核的节点中心性与自我报告的智能手机依赖之间、智能手机依赖与睡眠问题之间以及睡眠问题与抑郁症状之间存在正相关。与男性相比，女性的手机依赖程度更高。在这些结果的支持下，我们提出了一个模型，说明智能手机依赖如何与青少年大脑网络异常、性别、睡眠障碍和抑郁相关联。
