Massaro Carla Regina, Buratti Mayara, de Paula Thayná Nathally Petry, Piana Ediana Amanda, Wachter Franciane, Hoshi Adriano Tomio, Nassar Carlos Augusto, Nassar Patricia Oehlmeyer
Gen Dent. 2020 Nov-Dec;68(6):44-49.
Periodontal disease is considered a public health problem because of its high prevalence, while premature birth is a serious perinatal problem, persisting as one of the major causes of perinatal mortality and morbidity. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of maternal periodontal disease on the occurrence of preterm birth and the birth weight of their babies. The study sample included 45 new mothers, aged 18-35 years, who presented either slight or moderate to severe localized or generalized chronic periodontitis with bleeding on probing and gingival inflammation. The women were divided into 2 groups: slight periodontal disease (SPD; n = 15) and moderate to severe periodontal disease (MSPD; n = 30). The women underwent periodontal evaluations 48 hours after delivery of their newborns. The evaluations consisted of the following parameters: Plaque Control Record, Gingival Index, probing depth, clinical attachment level, and gingival crevicular fluid analysis. In addition, pregnancy data and neonate data, such as birth weight and gestational age at birth, were collected. In the MSPD group, there were moderate, statistically significant negative correlations between the amount of maternal gingival crevicular fluid and the newborn's gestational age at birth (-0.5388; P = 0.0014); maternal Plaque Control Record and gestational age (-0.5026; P = 0.0046); and maternal Gingival Index and gestational age (-0.4562; P = 0.0112). In the SPD group, there were no statistically significant correlations between the maternal periodontal parameters and the newborn's gestational age or birth weight. The data in the present study suggest that the presence of inflammation caused by moderate to severe periodontitis may represent a risk factor for the occurrence of preterm birth.
由于牙周病的高患病率，它被视为一个公共卫生问题，而早产是一个严重的围产期问题，仍然是围产期死亡率和发病率的主要原因之一。因此，本研究的目的是评估母亲牙周病对早产发生率及其婴儿出生体重的影响。研究样本包括45名年龄在18至35岁之间的初产妇，她们患有轻度或中度至重度局限性或广泛性慢性牙周炎，探诊出血且有牙龈炎症。这些女性被分为两组：轻度牙周病（SPD；n = 15）和中度至重度牙周病（MSPD；n = 30）。这些女性在分娩新生儿48小时后接受了牙周评估。评估包括以下参数：菌斑控制记录、牙龈指数、探诊深度、临床附着水平和龈沟液分析。此外，还收集了妊娠数据和新生儿数据，如出生体重和出生时的孕周。在MSPD组中，母亲龈沟液量与新生儿出生时的孕周之间存在中度、具有统计学意义的负相关（-0.5388；P = 0.0014）；母亲菌斑控制记录与孕周之间存在负相关（-0.5026；P = 0.0046）；母亲牙龈指数与孕周之间存在负相关（-0.4562；P = 0.0112）。在SPD组中，母亲牙周参数与新生儿孕周或出生体重之间没有统计学意义的相关性。本研究中的数据表明，中度至重度牙周炎引起的炎症可能是早产发生的一个危险因素。
