Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Psychiatric Clinic, Nyköping Hospital, Sweden.
Early Hum Dev. 2020 Dec;151:105242. doi: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2020.105242. Epub 2020 Oct 24.
Even though the biological norm in humans is frequent on demand breastfeeding, sparse feeding intervals have become the cultural norm in most Western countries due to a history of on schedule breastfeeding. This discrepancy between the biological basis and the culturally driven practice continues to interfere with women's ability to breastfeed.
Our aim was to describe breastfeeding patterns in 2-month-old infants before and after the implementation of a breastfeeding support program. A secondary aim was to investigate the relationship between breastfeeding patterns and the mother's self-efficacy in breastfeeding.
The study had a baseline/intervention design and was part of a larger project aiming to revive the Ten Steps to Successful Breastfeeding program. The larger project included breastfeeding training for health care professionals and provision of breastfeeding information to parents, including information about on demand breastfeeding. Data were gathered via breastfeeding diaries (n = 79 mothers from each group) and the Breastfeeding Self-efficacy Scale-Short Form (n = 83 in the baseline group and n = 79 in the intervention group).
On demand breastfeeding patterns were more common in the intervention group (97.5%) than in the baseline group (74.7%) (p < 0.001), and breastfeeding sessions were more frequent in the intervention group (a median of 14 times per 24 h versus 11 times in the baseline group; p = 0.026). Self-efficacy in breastfeeding did not differ between the groups, but was higher in mothers with exclusive breastfeeding.
Knowledge about infants' breastfeeding behavior can strengthen on demand breastfeeding. Exclusive breastfeeding is associated with higher self-efficacy.
尽管人类的生理常态是按需频繁哺乳，但由于按时哺乳的历史，稀疏的喂养间隔已成为大多数西方国家的文化常态。这种生理基础与文化驱动实践之间的差异继续干扰着妇女哺乳的能力。
我们的目的是描述实施母乳喂养支持计划前后 2 个月龄婴儿的母乳喂养模式。次要目的是调查母乳喂养模式与母亲母乳喂养自我效能之间的关系。
该研究采用基线/干预设计，是一项旨在恢复“成功母乳喂养十步”计划的更大项目的一部分。该更大项目包括对卫生保健专业人员进行母乳喂养培训，并向父母提供母乳喂养信息，包括按需母乳喂养的信息。通过母乳喂养日记（每组 79 位母亲）和母乳喂养自我效能量表-短表（基线组 83 位，干预组 79 位）收集数据。
按需母乳喂养模式在干预组（97.5%）比基线组（74.7%）更为常见（p<0.001），干预组母乳喂养次数更为频繁（中位数为每 24 小时 14 次，而基线组为 11 次；p=0.026）。母乳喂养自我效能在两组之间没有差异，但在纯母乳喂养的母亲中更高。
对婴儿母乳喂养行为的了解可以增强按需母乳喂养。纯母乳喂养与更高的自我效能相关。
