Sauer-Delhées S, Steffen F, Reichler I, Beckmann K
Klinik für Kleintierchirurgie, Abteilung Neurologie, Vetsuisse-Fakultät, Universität Zürich.
Klinik für Reproduktionsmedizin, Vetsuisse-Fakultät, Universität Zürich.
Schweiz Arch Tierheilkd. 2020 Nov;162(11):697-706. doi: 10.17236/sat00279.
Background: Little is known about idiopathic Epilepsy in Greater Swiss Mountain Dogs. Until now this breed is not listed as a predisposed breed for idiopathic epilepsy. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of idiopathic epilepsy in Greater Swiss Mountain Dogs in Switzerland and to describe the clinical characteristics of epilepsy in this breed including seizures semiology and response to treatment. Material and Methods: Records of the Swiss Kennel Club for Greater Swiss Mountain Dogs were searched for reported cases of epileptic seizures between 1999-2019. The total number of reported cases and the signalment was reviewed. Furthermore, all owners of Greater Swiss Mountain Dogs registered to the breeding club were invited to complete an online questionnaire. Results: In total 600 Greater Swiss Mountain Dog's live in Switzerland: 70-90 puppies are born each year. Between 1999 and 2019 34 dogs (2%) were announced with seizures. Of the 400 owners invited to answer the questionnaire 128 completed the questionnaire. 20 of these 128 dogs were suffering from idiopathic epilepsy. The prevalence for idiopathic epilepsy based on the questionnaire was therefore 15,6%. All affected dogs showed generalized tonic-clonic seizures. Cluster seizures and status epilepticus occurred in 5 (41,6%) and 6 (50%) of the dogs. Long term seizure control was only achieved in 10% of the dogs. Five dogs (25%) died or were euthanized because of insufficient seizure control. Only one dog (5%) showed clinical remission. Conclusion: Prevalence of idiopathic epilepsy is higher in Greater Swiss Mountain Dogs in Switzerland compared to the general dog population. Seizure control seems to be difficult to achieve in this breed and remission-rate is low.
人们对大瑞士山地犬特发性癫痫了解甚少。到目前为止，该品种未被列为特发性癫痫的易感品种。本研究的目的是估计瑞士大瑞士山地犬特发性癫痫的患病率，并描述该品种癫痫的临床特征，包括发作症状学和对治疗的反应。材料与方法：检索瑞士养犬俱乐部1999 - 2019年间大瑞士山地犬癫痫发作报告病例记录。回顾报告病例总数和特征。此外，邀请所有在繁育俱乐部注册的大瑞士山地犬主人完成一份在线问卷。结果：瑞士共有600只大瑞士山地犬：每年出生70 - 90只幼犬。1999年至2019年间，有34只犬（2%）被宣布患有癫痫发作。在受邀回答问卷的400位主人中，128位完成了问卷。这128只犬中有20只患有特发性癫痫。因此，基于问卷的特发性癫痫患病率为15.6%。所有患病犬均表现为全身性强直阵挛发作。5只犬（41.6%）出现集群性发作，6只犬（50%）出现癫痫持续状态。只有10%的犬实现了长期癫痫控制。5只犬（25%）因癫痫控制不佳死亡或被安乐死。只有1只犬（5%）出现临床缓解。结论：与一般犬类群体相比，瑞士大瑞士山地犬特发性癫痫的患病率更高。该品种似乎难以实现癫痫控制，缓解率较低。
