Research Center for Bioengineering and Sensing Technology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Bioengineering and Sensing Technology, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China.
Analyst. 2021 Jan 4;146(1):33-47. doi: 10.1039/d0an01423k.
Fingermarks have long been recognized as one of the most reliable and valuable evidence for personal identification. In practice, fingerprint analysis primarily concentrates on latent fingerprint visualization. However, fingerprint visualization techniques do not always enable individualization when fingermarks collected in crime scenes are fragmentary, ambiguous, or deformed. Age determination techniques based on physical and chemical composition changes in fingerprints over time have attracted researchers' attention in recent years. Nevertheless, the components of fingerprints are liable to factors including donor features, deposition conditions, substrate properties, environmental conditions and revealing methods. All the influences mainly contribute to unreliable outcomes of age estimation. Recent developments in fingermark age determination have moved forward to more precise approaches. The advanced methods can be classified into two categories including techniques based on the modifications of physical characteristics and chemical composition characteristics. Herein, the review includes the five types of variables that influence the aging process. The methodologies are subsequently highlighted along with their advantages and disadvantages. Furthermore, photography, optical, microscopy and electrochemical methods, and vibrational spectroscopy and mass spectrometry (MS) techniques are summarized in detail, with an emphasis on their utilization.
指纹长期以来一直被认为是个人身份识别最可靠和最有价值的证据之一。在实践中，指纹分析主要集中在潜在指纹的可视化上。然而，当犯罪现场采集的指纹残缺、模糊或变形时，指纹可视化技术并不总是能够实现个体识别。近年来，基于指纹中物理和化学组成随时间变化的年龄测定技术引起了研究人员的关注。然而，指纹的成分容易受到供体特征、沉积条件、基质特性、环境条件和揭示方法等因素的影响。所有这些影响主要导致年龄估计结果不可靠。最近在指纹年龄测定方面的发展已经朝着更精确的方法前进。先进的方法可以分为两类，一类是基于物理特性和化学组成特性的改变的技术。本文综述了影响老化过程的五种类型的变量。随后突出了这些方法的优点和缺点。此外，还详细总结了摄影、光学、显微镜和电化学方法以及振动光谱和质谱 (MS) 技术，并重点介绍了它们的应用。
