孕期补钙及饮食摄入对低出生体重和小于胎龄儿影响的观察性研究
An observational study on Ca supplementation and dietary intake during pregnancy on low birth weight and small for gestational age.
作者信息
Dai Wei, Deng Xiaohui, Li Lanlan, Qiu Jie, Mao Baohong, Shao Yawen, Xu Sijuan, Yang Tao, He Xiaochun, Cui Hongmei, Lin Xiaojuan, Lv Ling, Tang Zhongfeng, Liu Qing
机构信息
Department of Pharmacy, Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China.
Department of Healthcare Associated Infection Control, Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China.
出版信息
Public Health Nutr. 2020 Nov 4;24(4):1-10. doi: 10.1017/S1368980020004425.
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the effects of dietary Ca intake and Ca supplementation during pregnancy on low birth weight (LBW) and small for gestational age (SGA) infants.
DESIGN
A birth cohort study was conducted in 2010-2012 at the Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child Care Hospital in Lanzhou, China.
SETTING
A birth cohort study.
PARTICIPANTS
Totally, 9595 pregnant women who came to the hospital for delivery at 20 weeks of gestation or more, and who were 18 years of age or older.
RESULTS
Compared with non-users, Ca supplement users had a reduced risk of LBW infants (OR = 0·77, 95 % CI: 0·63, 0·95) and a reduced risk of nulliparous women giving birth to LBW infants (OR = 0·75, 95 % CI: 0·58, 0·98) (P < 0·05). More specifically, both the use of Ca supplement before conception and during pregnancy (OR = 0·44, 95 % CI: 0·19, 0·99) and during pregnancy only (OR = 0·80, 95 % CI: 0·65, 0·99) had the main effect of reducing risk of nulliparous women giving birth to LBW infants (P < 0·05). There was no association between Ca supplementation and SGA (OR = 0·87, 95 % CI: 0·75, 1·01) (P > 0·05). However, higher dietary Ca intake during pregnancy decreases the risk of both LBW (quartile 2: OR = 0·72, 95 % CI: 0·55, 0·94; quartile 3: OR = 0·68, 95 % CI: 0·50, 0·62) and SGA infants (quartile 2: OR = 0·77, 95 % CI: 0·63, 0·95; quartile 3: OR = 0·71, 95 % CI: 0·57, 0·88, quartile 4: OR = 0·71, 95 % CI: 0·57, 0·88) (P < 0·05).
CONCLUSIONS
Ca supplementation and adequate dietary intake of Ca during pregnancy are associated with a decreased risk of LBW infants born to nulliparous women.
目的
评估孕期膳食钙摄入量及补钙对低出生体重（LBW）和小于胎龄（SGA）婴儿的影响。
设计
2010 - 2012年在中国兰州的甘肃省妇幼保健院进行了一项出生队列研究。
设置
一项出生队列研究。
参与者
共有9595名妊娠20周及以上、年龄18岁及以上前来医院分娩的孕妇。
结果
与未补钙者相比，补钙者生出低出生体重婴儿的风险降低（比值比[OR]=0.77，95%可信区间[CI]：0.63，0.95），初产妇生出低出生体重婴儿的风险降低（OR = 0.75，95%CI：0.58，0.98）（P<0.05）。更具体地说，孕前及孕期补钙（OR = 0.44，95%CI：0.19，0.99）以及仅孕期补钙（OR = 0.80，95%CI：0.65，0.99）均对降低初产妇生出低出生体重婴儿的风险有主要作用（P<0.05）。补钙与小于胎龄儿之间无关联（OR = 0.87，95%CI：0.75，1.01）（P>0.05）。然而，孕期较高的膳食钙摄入量可降低低出生体重婴儿（四分位数2：OR = 0.72，95%CI：0.55，0.94；四分位数3：OR = 0.68，95%CI：0.50，0.62）和小于胎龄儿（四分位数2：OR = 0.77，95%CI：0.63，0.95；四分位数3：OR = 0.71，95%CI：0.57，0.88；四分位数4：OR = 0.71，95%CI：0.57，0.88）的风险（P<0.05）。
结论
孕期补钙及充足的膳食钙摄入与降低初产妇生出低出生体重婴儿的风险相关。
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